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Дедов, А. В.; Babushkin, S. V.; Платонов, А. А.; Nazarov, V. G.

doi:10.1023/a:1019229630705

Fibre Chemistry

2001

DOI: 10.1023/a:1019229630705

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А. В. Дедов

S. V. Babushkin

А. А. Платонов

et al.

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Cited by 15 publications

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“…The shrinkage properties of PP fibres and stretching of the fabrics during heat treatment results in an uncontrollable change in the porosity and the appearance of isolated pores [5]. We investigated the effect of the needle-punching density and methods of heat treatment of materials containing low-melting fibres of different chemical natures on their compressive strength.…”

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Needle-punch materials with high compressive strength

Дедов

2007

Fibre Chem

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Incorporation of a bicomponent fibre in needle-punch materials and then treating them with heat by different methods results in a significant increase in their compressive strength. The compressive strength of needlepunch and modified materials is a function of the size and orientation of the fibre bundles. Increasing the needle-punching density does not significantly increase the compressive strength of the materials.Needle-punch materials are widely used in road construction for filtration and drainage [1,2]. The water permeability of these materials is a function of the density, and the increase in the density in laying is determined by their compressive strength. The necessity of preserving the porosity of the materials formed in the needle-punching stage limits the possible methods of modifying them. The mechanical characteristics of needle-punch materials are increased by varying the needlepunching density [3] and heat treatment of materials made from blends of low-and high-melting fibres [4]. A melt of lowmelting fibres fixes the fibres at the sites of their contact with each other and high-melting fibres and as a consequence, their mobility under a load decreases. High-melting fibres serve as reinforcing elements that reduce the change in the porosity during heat treatment.The industrial methods of increasing the mechanical characteristics of needle-punch materials involve treatment with heated air and calendering of materials made from blends of high-melting polyester (PES) and low-melting polypropylene (PP) fibres on a roller type of equipment. The shrinkage properties of PP fibres and stretching of the fabrics during heat treatment results in an uncontrollable change in the porosity and the appearance of isolated pores [5]. We investigated the effect of the needle-punching density and methods of heat treatment of materials containing low-melting fibres of different chemical natures on their compressive strength.We investigated nonwoven materials made from polyester fibre with a linear density of 0.33 tex (TU 6-13-020407-95-91) and blends with 0.68 tex polypropylene fibre (TU 2272-005-25388761-2001) and 0.44 tex bicomponent fibre (Republic of Korea) of the following structure: polyester core, polypropylene shell, with a melting point of 110°C. The materials containing 70% polyester fibres and 30% low-melting fibres of different chemical natures were obtained by the mechanical method of spinning of fibre webs at a different subsequent needle-punching density.Samples in the form of disks with an area of 0.01 m 2 were used to study the deformation behavior of the needle-punch and treated materials. The samples were placed between two metal plates that ensured uniform distribution of the load. The thickness of the material was determined with a micrometer after loading for 5 min and the accuracy of measuring the thickness was ±0.01 mm.The materials were treated with hot air in an industrial ATU-2500 unit at temperatures by sections of 165-175-175-160°C. The materials were calendered at a constant roller tem...

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Needle-punch materials with high compressive strength

Дедов

2007

Fibre Chem

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“…The index G m (kg/kg), equal to the ratio of the mass of the sorbed liquid to the mass of the sorbent, is usually used as such a parameter [1][2][3][4][5]. The analysis of the use of this parameter for assessing the sorption capacity of fibre materials demonstrated its dependence on the chemical nature of the liquids [1,4,5]. Its dependence on the structural characteristics of the materials is complex in shape [1,5], which makes it difficult to model the structure of the materials with a given sorption capacity.…”

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“…The analysis of the use of this parameter for assessing the sorption capacity of fibre materials demonstrated its dependence on the chemical nature of the liquids [1,4,5]. Its dependence on the structural characteristics of the materials is complex in shape [1,5], which makes it difficult to model the structure of the materials with a given sorption capacity. We investigated sorption of liquids by needle-punch and modified materials and developed a criterion for assessing their sorption characteristics.…”

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“…The concentration of bicomponent fibre in the materials varied from 7 to 30%, the calender shaft temperature varied from 150 to 220°C, and the calendering speed varied from 1.2 to 15 m/min. The sorption characteristics of the needle-punch and modified materials were determined with the method in [1,5].In processing the experimental data, a linear dependence ( Fig. 1) was established between parameter (G V , m 3 /m 3 ), calculated as the ratio of the volume of the sorbed liquid (V l , m 3 ) to the sample volume (V sam , m 3 ), and the real volume of the porosity of the samples per unit of area (V r , m 3 /m 2 ).…”

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Sorption characteristics of needle-punch and modified materials

Дедов

2007

Fibre Chem

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The use of bicomponent fibre in needle-punch materials and processing them on a calender results in materials that combine high sorption characteristics and mechanical strength. The optimum content of bicomponent fibre for obtaining fibre sorbents with high sorption capacity is 7-12% and the calendering speed is greater than 4 m/min. The size of the capillaries in the needle-punch materials formed during needle punching ensures that they are partially filled with liquids.The effective use of fibre sorbents requires developing parameters for evaluating their sorption capacity and its dependence on the structure of the materials. The index G m (kg/kg), equal to the ratio of the mass of the sorbed liquid to the mass of the sorbent, is usually used as such a parameter [1][2][3][4][5]. The analysis of the use of this parameter for assessing the sorption capacity of fibre materials demonstrated its dependence on the chemical nature of the liquids [1,4,5]. Its dependence on the structural characteristics of the materials is complex in shape [1,5], which makes it difficult to model the structure of the materials with a given sorption capacity. We investigated sorption of liquids by needle-punch and modified materials and developed a criterion for assessing their sorption characteristics.Samples of needle-punch materials with a different surface density made from polyester fibre with a linear density of 0.33 tex by the mechanical method of forming fibre webs were investigated. The bulk density of the samples was varied by altering the punching density from 120 to 700 cm 2 . Samples based on a blend of polyester and bicomponent fibres (poly(ethylene terephthalate) core), polypropylene shell) [6] were also used to increase the mechanical strength of the fibre sorbents processed on the calender [7]. The concentration of bicomponent fibre in the materials varied from 7 to 30%, the calender shaft temperature varied from 150 to 220°C, and the calendering speed varied from 1.2 to 15 m/min. The sorption characteristics of the needle-punch and modified materials were determined with the method in [1,5].In processing the experimental data, a linear dependence ( Fig. 1) was established between parameter (G V , m 3 /m 3 ), calculated as the ratio of the volume of the sorbed liquid (V l , m 3 ) to the sample volume (V sam , m 3 ), and the real volume of the porosity of the samples per unit of area (V r , m 3 /m 2 ). Use of parameter V r for assessing the porosity of the needlepunch materials is substantiated in [1,4,8]. The linear dependences of the sorption capacity in this system of coordinates are also characteristic of modified materials with a different bicomponent fibre content (C, wt. %). Sorption of liquids by the needle-punch and modified materials can be evaluated with the value of the tangent of the slope of these dependences (k V , m -1 ). The proposed approach to assessing the sorption capacity of the materials excludes its dependence on the chemical nature of the liquids and is reflected by one variable in comparison to ...

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Mechanical characteristics of nap-raised nonwoven materials

et al. 2007

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In processing the experimental data, an equation was obtained that can be used for predicting the change in the nap height of materials undergoing heat treatment and with a known bicomponent fibre content under the effect of mechanical loads. The optimum duration of heat treatment of nap-raised materials is 1-2 min and the temperature is 175°C.Nap-raised materials of different composition and methods of fabrication have performance characteristics that ensure their effective use. Their wide use as heat-and sound-insulating materials is due to the structural and functional features such as the density gradient over the thickness and the presence of an important proportion of pseudoimmobilized air in the napraised part. Preservation of these characteristics in time is basically a function of the resistance of the nap to mechanical loads.Nap-raised materials from synthetic fibres are fabricated with technology for production of needle-punch nonwovens [1, 2]. The process scheme for fabricating them includes forming fibre webs from polyester fibre, strengthening them by needle-punching, and napping on special equipment that ensures one-sided needle-punching with crown needles. The existing methods of napping of needle-punch cloth provide for precise regulation of the height and density of the nap, which increases the related performance characteristics. Nevertheless, increasing the resistance of the nap to mechanical loads of different natures remains a pressing problem.Another possible direction in use of materials with stable nap is using them as bases for application of polymer coatings. The developed surface of the nap-raised part of the materials increases the area of contact with the polymer binders, and this increases adhesion between the polymer layers.The resistance of the nap to the effect of a mechanical load is a function of the mechanical characteristics of the fibres, which can increase with heat treatment. At the same time, shrinkage and an increase in the density are consequences of heat treatment of the materials. The nap resistance can be increased and the density of the materials can be preserved or insignificantly altered by using a blend of fibres with different behavior on heating. The effectiveness of using materials made of blends of polyester and bicomponent fibres followed by treatment with heated air has been established in many studies [3, 4] for solving such problems.We examined the effect of the conditions of heat treatment of blended nonwovens on the resistance of the nap to mechanical loads.Nap-raised nonwovens based on a blend of polyester fibres with a linear density of 0.33 tex (TU 6-13-02204077-95-91) and 0.44 tex bicomponent fibres (South Korea) in different ratios were investigated. The structure of the bicomponent fibre consisted of a poly(ethylene terephthalate) core and a polypropylene shell. The nonwoven material was made by the mechanical method of forming a fibre web on a Spinbau unit (Germany) followed by needle-punching at a punching density of 160 cm -2 . Napping was con...

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Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Needle-punch materials with high compressive strength

Needle-punch materials with high compressive strength

Sorption characteristics of needle-punch and modified materials

Mechanical characteristics of nap-raised nonwoven materials

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