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Clark, Alice M.

doi:10.1023/a:1016091631721

Cited by 274 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Contamination and pollution with heavy metals are two main problems with herbal drugs. It is therefore necessary to improve the quality and quantity of bioactive compounds for the production of herbal drugs while making effort to discover more new herbal drugs (39). Due to expanding the use of natural substances around the world, the quality and safety of plant-derived medicines should be comprehensively and accurately studied issues and the traditional and the millennial beliefs about these issues cannot be surely trusted; therefore, scientific and enlightening studies are essential to obtain reliable information for the use of medicinal plants in health care (40).…”

Section: Medicinal Herbs In the Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal plants: Past history and future perspective

Jamshidi-kia¹,

Lorigooini²,

Amini-Khoei³

2018

J Herbmed Pharmacol

621

410

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Medicinal plants play a golden role not only as traditional medicine but also as trade commodities, meeting the demand of distant markets for the development of new drugs. In fact, to realize the effective integration of plants into a medical system, researchers and practitioners should be trained in both modern and traditional medicine in the use of plant compounds. In addition, to build credibility for the use of plants in conventional medicine, the empirical arguments should be converted into evidence-based arguments. Human societies have been in close contact with their environments since the beginning of their formation and used the ingredients of the environment to obtain food and medicine. Awareness and application of plants to prepare food and medicine have been realized through trial and error, and gradually human became able to meet his needs from his surroundings. Information about medicinal plants has long been transmitted gradually and from generation to generation, a human knowledge has gradually become complete with the formation of civilizations and the provision of more facilities. Medicinal plants are used as a medical resource in almost all cultures. Ensuring the safety, quality and effectiveness of medicinal plants and herbal drugs very recently became a key issue in industrialized and developing countries. By standardizing and evaluating the health of active plant-derived compounds, herbal drugs can help the emergence of a new era of the healthcare system to treat human diseases in the future. Awareness of traditional knowledge and medicinal plants can play a key role in the exploitation and discovery of natural plant resources. In order to maintain this knowledge, comprehensive approach and collaboration are needed to maintain historical records on medicinal plants and use these resources in favour of human beings, before they are destroyed forever. Therefore, this review was conducted to investigate and describe the process of using medicinal plants throughout history. This review focuses on the recent various important challenges in quality evaluation of medicinal plants in the authenticity, efficacy, toxicity and consistency. Please cite this paper as:

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Section: Medicinal Herbs In the Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Medicinal plants: Past history and future perspective

Jamshidi-kia¹,

Lorigooini²,

Amini-Khoei³

2018

J Herbmed Pharmacol

621

410

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…5 Coincidentally, the last decade has also witnessed increasing intensive studies on extracts and biologically active compounds isolated from plant species used for natural therapies or herbal medicine 6 Therefore, there is a need to develop alternative antimicrobial drugs for the treatment of infectious diseases from medicinal plants. 7,8 Several screening studies have been carried out in different parts of the world. There are several reports on the antimicrobial activity of different herbal extracts in different regions of the worlds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Antimicrobial Study of Ethanolic Extract of Leaf and Rhizome of Curcuma longa Linn

Singh¹,

Gupta²,

Rathore³

2017

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Introduction: Curcuma longa L., botanically related to ginger belongs to the Zingiberaceae family. It is extensively used in Ayurveda, Unani and Siddha medicine as a home remedy for various diseases. Aim: The present study is to compare the antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic extracts from rhizome and leaf of Curcuma longa Linn. Method: In vitro disc diffusion method and serial dilution method has been used to determine the antimicrobial potency against various bacterial pathogens such as Klebsiella pneumoniae Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis by comparing the zone of inhibition shown by both the test extracts at different concentration (25 mg/ml, 50 mg/ml, 100 mg/ml, 150 mg/ml, 200 mg/ml, 250 mg/ml, 300 mg/ml) and there MIC value has been evaluated. Ethanol and Ampicillin were used as negative and positive control for the study. Result: The leaf and rhizome extract showed maximum zone of inhibition at 300 mg/ml concentration, which was about 7.6 mm and 8 mm on the bacterial strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa and least effectiveness for other bacterial strain such as Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis. The recorded MIC value was at 6.25 mg/ml which showed 3.991% inhibition for rhizome extract and 3.129% inhibition for leaf extract. Conclusion: The rhizome extract was found to be more potent antimicrobial agent than the leaf extract and can be used in future studies.

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“…Desta forma, foi possí-vel o desenvolvimento de importantes fármacos, como as estatinas (lavastatina, mevastatina, etc. ), inibidores específicos da HMG CoA redutase, enzima marca-passo responsável pela regulação da síntese endógena do colesterol 3 . Nos anos 70 começam a surgir as primeiras contribuições da Físico-Química Orgânica.…”

Section: Breve Análise Da Evolução Da Química Medicinalunclassified

Fármacos e fitoterápicos: a necessidade do desenvolvimento da indústria de fitoterápicos e fitofármacos no Brasil

2001

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Recebido em 30/9/99; aceito em 27/6/00 PHARMACEUTICS AND PHYTOTHERAPICS: THE NEED FOR DEVELOPMENT OF THE INDUSTRY OF PHYTOPHARMACEUTICS AND PHYTOTHERAPICS IN BRAZIL. We discuss briefly the development and the present status of medicinal chemistry. In this context, we consider the therapeutic possibilities of the phytotherapy. On the basis of this analysis, the development of the phytopharmaceutical industry in Brazil is shown to be of essential importance for both the university and the Country due to the human and technological resources involved. Keywords: medicinal chemistry, pharmaceutics, phytotherapicsAssuntos Gerais Quim. Nova, Vol. 24, No. 1, 147-152, 2001. INTRODUÇÃOA Fitoterapia constitui uma forma de terapia medicinal que vem crescendo notadamente nestes últimos anos, ao ponto que atualmente o mercado mundial de fitoterápicos gira em torno de aproximadamente 22 bilhões de dólares. Dentro desta perspectiva, esperar-se-ia que o Brasil fosse um país privilegiado, considerando sua extensa e diversificada flora, detendo aproximadamente um terço da flora mundial. Além disso, existe no pais um grande numero de grupos de pesquisa que tem contribuído significativamente para o desenvolvimento da química de produtos naturais de plantas, a quimiotaxonomia, a farmacologia de produtos naturais e outras áreas relacionadas. No entanto, nosso país não tem uma atuação destacada no mercado mundial de fitoterápicos, ficando inclusive atrás de países menos desenvolvidos tecnologicamente. Devido a esta situação preocupante, procuramos mostrar neste artigo a viabilidade de investimento na elaboração de fitoterápicos, considerando o avanço da Química Medicinal Clássica. Discutimos também os possíveis caminhos para o Brasil conseguir destacar-se na produção de fitoterápicos e fitofármacos a nível mundial. BREVE ANÁLISE DA EVOLUÇÃO DA QUÍMICA MEDICINALFaz aproximadamente 100 anos que Emil Fisher (1852-1919) usou a analogia da chave e fechadura para compreendermos a ação de uma enzima que posteriormente foi estendida para a ação de um fármaco. Na mesma época, Paul Ehrlich (1854-1915) sugeriu, para orientar os trabalhos farmacológicos, o modelo da bala mágica que levaria o medicamento aos tecidos doentes sem afetar os sadios. O reconhecimento do receptor por parte do fármaco e o planejamento racional deste fármaco são dois importantes aspectos que formam as bases da atual Química Medicinal 1 . Podemos arbitrariamente dizer que o desenvolvimento efetivo da Química Medicinal inicia-se nas década de 40 e 50 seguindo o modelo da aspirina, isto é, a síntese química e ensaios farmacológicos para avaliar os resultados. Na década de 60 se desenvolve efetivamente a bioquímica, área de conhecimento que muito contribuiu para o avanço da própria Quími-ca Medicinal. As pesquisas em bioquímica permitiram o conhecimento das bases moleculares da homeostasia celular (bioquímica celular), bem como as alterações metabólicas, responsáveis por várias patologias (bioquímica fisiológica). Este conjunto de conhecimentos tornou possível eleger alvos mol...

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Untitled

Cited by 274 publications

References 19 publications

Medicinal plants: Past history and future perspective

Medicinal plants: Past history and future perspective

Comparative Antimicrobial Study of Ethanolic Extract of Leaf and Rhizome of Curcuma longa Linn

Fármacos e fitoterápicos: a necessidade do desenvolvimento da indústria de fitoterápicos e fitofármacos no Brasil

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