Allothetic orientation and sequential ordering of places is impaired in early stages of Alzheimer's disease: corresponding results in real space tests and computer tests

Kalová, Eva; Vlček, Kamil; Jarolímová, Eva; Bureš, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2004.10.016

Cited by 114 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This suggests that together with the decline in other domains, but before progression to AD, the impairment includes even simpler forms of navigation, presumably not dependent on the MTL. Similar pattern of impairment mainly in allocentric navigation was described in our previous studies in the AD group, which was broadly defined mainly by severe memory problems (Kalova et al, 2005;Laczo et al, 2010). The view of multiple domain based disorientation in MCI patients was supported by several other reports.…”

Section: Wwwintechopencomsupporting

confidence: 87%

Spatial Navigation Impairment in Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease

Vlček¹

2011

The Clinical Spectrum of Alzheimer's Disease -the Charge Toward Comprehensive Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies

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Section: Wwwintechopencomsupporting

confidence: 87%

Spatial Navigation Impairment in Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease

Vlček¹

2011

The Clinical Spectrum of Alzheimer's Disease -the Charge Toward Comprehensive Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies

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“…The Hidden Goal Task (HGT) is a human analog of the MWM (14), where the allocentric vs. egocentric types of navigation are tested separately. Allocentric navigation is independent of individual's position on the start; it is the prominent distal cues in the subject's environment that are used to navigate toward the goal.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In our study, allocentric navigation was investigated in a real-space human analog of the Morris water maze (hMWM) (3,14) and its corresponding 2D computerized version (3,14). The subject had to find a hidden goal inside a circular arena using orientation cues on the arena circumference.…”

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confidence: 99%

Spatial navigation impairment is proportional to right hippocampal volume

Nedelská

Andel

Laczó

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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140

104

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Cognitive deficits in older adults attributable to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology are featured early on by hippocampal impairment. Among these individuals, deterioration in spatial navigation, manifested by poor hippocampus-dependent allocentric navigation, may occur well before the clinical onset of dementia. Our aim was to determine whether allocentric spatial navigation impairment would be proportional to right hippocampal volume loss irrespective of general brain atrophy. We also contrasted the respective spatial navigation scores of the real-space human Morris water maze with its corresponding 2D computer version. We included 42 cognitively impaired patients with either amnestic mild cognitive impairment (n = 23) or mild and moderate AD (n = 19), and 14 cognitively intact older controls. All participants underwent 1.5T MRI brain scanning with subsequent automatic measurement of the total brain and hippocampal (right and left) volumes. Allocentric spatial navigation was tested in the real-space version of the human Morris water maze and in its corresponding computer version. Participants used two navigational cues to locate an invisible goal independent of the start position. We found that smaller right hippocampal volume was associated with poorer navigation performance in both the real-space (β = −0.62, P < 0.001) and virtual (β = −0.43, P = 0.026) versions, controlling for demographic variables, total brain and left hippocampal volumes. In subsequent analyses, the results were significant in cognitively impaired (P ≤ 0.05) but not in cognitively healthy (P > 0.59) subjects. The respective real-space and virtual scores strongly correlated with each other. Our findings indicate that the right hippocampus plays a critical role in allocentric navigation, particularly when cognitive impairment is present.P ersons with Alzheimer's disease (AD) (1, 2) and with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (3), who are known to be at higher risk for developing AD, experience difficulties with spatial navigation. Based on animal research, two basic navigation types were distinguished (4). Egocentric navigation is route or body centered and is dependent mainly on parietal cortices and caudate nucleus (4-8). The more flexible and complex allocentric type is world centered and it is dependent mainly on the hippocampus (5, 9). In humans, medial temporal lobe function is highly lateralized with the right hippocampus predominantly associated with spatial navigation and topographical memory (10). Recent research has underscored the importance of the hippocampus for spatial navigation in cognitively impaired subjects (11,12). For example, a case study of a patient with early AD (13) reported a distinct navigation deficit indicative of hippocampal atrophy. However, structural background of the allocentric navigation impairment has not yet been entirely elucidated, particularly in the real-space environment.The navigation disability in AD and MCI patients has been found to involve selective impairment of spatial cognition as...

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“…For spatial memory, there are computerized versions of the Morris water maze (VMWT) and the Blue Velvet Arena (BVA), which is also a variant of the Morris water maze for humans. [83][84][85][86] For non-spatial memory, object recognition tasks and fear conditioning have been used widely in humans. These memory tasks can be conducted in combination with neuroimaging experiments, such as fMRI and magnetoencephalography (MEG) experiments.…”

Section: Translation Of Animal Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Probiotics on Central Nervous System Functions in Animals and Humans: A Systematic Review

Wang

Lee

Braun

et al. 2016

J Neurogastroenterol Motil

267

195

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To systematically review the effects of probiotics on central nervous system function in animals and humans, to summarize effective interventions (species of probiotic, dose, duration), and to analyze the possibility of translating preclinical studies. Literature searches were conducted in Pubmed, Medline, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Only randomized controlled trials were included. In total, 38 studies were included: 25 in animals and 15 in humans (2 studies were conducted in both). Most studies used Bifidobacterium (eg, B. longum, B. breve, and B. infantis) and Lactobacillus (eg, L. helveticus, and L. rhamnosus), with doses between 10 9 and 10 10 colonyforming units for 2 weeks in animals and 4 weeks in humans. These probiotics showed efficacy in improving psychiatric disorderrelated behaviors including anxiety, depression, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), obsessive-compulsive disorder, and memory abilities, including spatial and non-spatial memory. Because many of the basic science studies showed some efficacy of probiotics on central nervous system function, this background may guide and promote further preclinical and clinical studies. Translating animal studies to human studies has obvious limitations but also suggests possibilities. Here, we provide several suggestions for the translation of animal studies. More experimental designs with both behavioral and neuroimaging measures in healthy volunteers and patients are needed in the future.

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Allothetic orientation and sequential ordering of places is impaired in early stages of Alzheimer's disease: corresponding results in real space tests and computer tests

Cited by 114 publications

References 31 publications

Spatial Navigation Impairment in Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease

Spatial Navigation Impairment in Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease

Spatial navigation impairment is proportional to right hippocampal volume

Effect of Probiotics on Central Nervous System Functions in Animals and Humans: A Systematic Review

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