Allometric and environmental correlates of territory size in juvenile Atlantic salmon (<i>Salmo salar</i>)

Keeley, Ernest R.; Grant, James W. A.

doi:10.1139/f95-019

Cited by 149 publications

(188 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Three enclosures were established for each female, having densities of six, 12, and 24 juveniles per enclosure, corresponding to a low, medium, and high density, respectively (e.g., Keeley and Grant 1995). The only exception was the juveniles from the female whose eggs had experienced high mortality during incubation, where only one enclosure with medium density was established.…”

Section: Stream Channel Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection Against Late Emergence and Small Offspring in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar)

2000

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Abstract. Timing of breeding and offspring size are maternal traits that may influence offspring competitive ability, dispersal, foraging, and vulnerability to predation and climatic conditions. To quantify the extent to which these maternal traits may ultimately affect an organism's fitness, we undertook laboratory and field experiments with Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). To control for confounding effects caused by correlated traits, manipulations of the timing of fertilization combined with intraclutch comparisons were used. In the wild, a total of 1462 juveniles were marked at emergence from gravel nests. Recapture rates suggest that up to 83.5% mortality occurred during the first four months after emergence from the gravel nests, with the majority (67.5%) occurring during the initial period ending 17 days after median emergence. Moreover, the mortality was selective during this initial period, resulting in a significant phenotypic shift toward an earlier date of and an increased length at emergence. However, no significant selection differentials were detected thereafter, indicating that the critical episode of selection had occurred at emergence. Furthermore, standardized selection gradients indicated that selection was more intense on date of than on body size at emergence. Timing of emergence had additional consequences in terms of juvenile body size. Late-emerging juveniles were smaller than early-emerging ones at subsequent samplings, both in the wild and in parallel experiments conducted in seminatural stream channels, and this may affect success at subsequent size-selective episodes, such as winter mortality and reproduction. Finally, our findings also suggest that egg size had fitness consequences independent of the effects of emergence time that directly affected body size at emergence and, in turn, survival and size at later life stages. The causality of the maternal effects observed in the present study supports the hypothesis that selection on juvenile traits may play an important role in the evolution of maternal traits in natural populations.

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Section: Stream Channel Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection Against Late Emergence and Small Offspring in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar)

2000

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“…Firstly, the main goal of self-thinning analysis has been to determine the competition limiting factor by comparing theoretical and observed exponents. Although the theoretical exponents depend on the environmental conditions and the population under study (Latto 1994, Keeley and Grant 1995, Steingrímsson and Grant 1999, some researchers still use the classical theoretical exponents, b ¼ À1/2 and b ¼ À1/3, in the discrimination process (Alunno-Bruscia et al 2000, Filgueira et al 2008. Second, based on the mathematical equivalence of the mass-density and biomass-density models, current studies have arbitrarily chosen one of these relationships for the study of the self-thinning process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of self‐thinning models and estimation methods in multilayered sessile animal populations

et al. 2012

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Abstract. Self-thinning (ST) models have been widely used in the last decades to describe population dynamics under intraspecific competition in plant and animal communities. Nevertheless, their applicability in animal populations is subjected to the appropriate inclusion of space occupancy and energy requirements. Specifically, the disposition of gregarious sessile animals in complex matrices hampers the application of classical ST models. This paper reviews the self-thinning models, regression methods (central tendency and frontier techniques) and discrimination criteria currently applied for gregarious sessile species through application to the analysis of mussel populations (Mytilus galloprovincialis) grown in suspended culture. In addition, we propose to model the temporal evolution of site occupancy in the stochastic frontier function (SFF). Our results confirm that the number of layers should be included in the classical bidimensional ST model for the analysis of multilayered populations. The estimated parameters obtained by the different fitting techniques depended on the measurement method of the variables in the model. This, together with the proximity between the space and food selfthinning theoretical exponents (SST and FST, respectively) highlights the difficulty in discriminating the competition limiting factor (space/food) from the self-thinning exponent. On the other hand, the SFF provided congruent results for biomass and individual mass analysis, in contrast to the lack of robustness observed for the central tendency regression methods. Furthermore, the SFF approach allowed a dynamic interpretation of the ST process providing insight into the temporal evolution of site occupancy. These results highlight the suitability of the stochastic frontier approach in the analysis of self-thinning dynamics in sessile animal populations.

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“…Until recently, most studies concerning home range and activity patterns in fishes have been undertaken in lakes and nvers (e.g. Keeley & Grant 1995, Minns 1995. In the tropical marine environment, studies which address space use by fishes have generally concentrated on small, easily observed reef fishes such as pomacentrids and labrids (rev~ew by Sale 1991) and acanthurids (Robertson & Gaines 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home range and activity patterns of the coral trout Plectropomus leopardus (Serranidae)

Zeller¹

1997

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

174

148

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Patterns of movement and space utilization by fishes are becoming increasingly important to the understanding of population dynamics, community structure and spatial population models. Despite this, information regarding patterns of movement is rare for fishes. The aim of this study was to determine home ranges and basic temporal patterns of space use of Plectropomus leopardus (Serranidae), a species of major fishing importance on coral reefs. Thirty-nine individual P. leopardus (size range: 37.6 to 67.5 cm FL) were tracked successfully via ultrasonic telemetry between 1993 and 1995. Eight of these were tracked during 2 subsequent field trips, resulting in 47 separate tracking sessions, comprising a total of 2024 fish-tracking days. Average minimum area polygon home ranges of P. leopardusdiffered between fish from continuous fringing reefs I10458.4 m2 k 962.3 (SE)] and isolated patch reefs [ l 8 796.9 m2 k 3188.8 (SE)], and were due to differences in widths of home ranges. with fringing reef home ranges being narrower than patch reef ones. Lengths of home ranges did not differ between reef types. Home ranges did not differ between male and female fish, and were stable within and between each tracking session (maximum 202 d between sessions). P. leopardus were diurnally active, regularly using a small number of physical locations (3 or 4) within their home ranges. Mean daily distance moved within home ranges was 192.2 m k 5.09 (SE), with the maximum being 1121.8 m. Patterns of space use were relatively consistent throughout the day. Location fidelity was very high at night, and reflected limited movements by the fish. The present data document for the first time the home range of a large coral reef serranid, and illustrate its preference for a small number of locations within a larger home range area. Ultrasonic telemetry is the most suitable tool for evaluation of home ranges and movements of large reef fishes. This has implications for the acquisition of data required for the evaluation of marine reserves as fisheries management tools for coral reefs.

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Allometric and environmental correlates of territory size in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

Cited by 149 publications

References 36 publications

Selection Against Late Emergence and Small Offspring in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar)

Selection Against Late Emergence and Small Offspring in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar)

Evaluation of self‐thinning models and estimation methods in multilayered sessile animal populations

Home range and activity patterns of the coral trout Plectropomus leopardus (Serranidae)

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