Alloherpesviruses of Fish

Anthropogenic spreading of anguillid herpesvirus 1 by stocking of infected farmed European eels, Anguilla anguilla (L.), in the Schlei fjord in northern Germany

“…In fact, only nine of 10 were found to be virus positive. It was previously shown that the eel herpesvirus can form a persistent stage in its host (van Nieuwstadt et al 2001) which is typical for members of the family Alloherpesviridae (Hanson et al 2016). But results of this study might enable the conclusion that either some individuals exhibit a natural resistance against infection or some individuals might fully recover from virus infection.…”

“…; Hanson et al . ). This leads to the conclusion that AngHV 1 was absent in 2006 and the eel herpesvirus was introduced by stocking measures, and, despite its known infectivity (Hangalapura et al .…”

“…) which is typical for members of the family Alloherpesviridae (Hanson et al . ). But results of this study might enable the conclusion that either some individuals exhibit a natural resistance against infection or some individuals might fully recover from virus infection.…”

“…This suggests that immunization of eels for stocking purposes against AngHV 1 using, for example, recombinant vaccine is a promising option; however, no such antiviral treatment is commercially available yet (Hanson et al . ). To draw a conclusion for individuals identified as stocked glass eels ( n = 2) is impossible because the initial health status is unknown.…”

“…It can be assumed that differences between 2006 (0% virus positive) and 2016 (68% virus positive) are unlikely explicable only because of a virus detection error caused by slight differences in water temperature. Particularly, because the PCR method is known to be highly sensitive for detection of latent viruses (Band ın et al 2014;van Beurden et al 2016;Hanson et al 2016). This leads to the conclusion that AngHV 1 was absent in 2006 and the eel herpesvirus was introduced by stocking measures, and, despite its known infectivity (Hangalapura et al 2007;ICES 2009a;Haenen et al 2012), stocking of infected eels took place very likely also before 2015.…”