Allografts: expanding the surgeon’s armamentarium

Abstract

In Germany, bone allografts are widely used and their application in clinics has increased over the years. Successful use of allografts depends on many factors such as the procurement, processing, sterilization and the surgeon’s surgical experience. Tissue banks have provided safe and sterile allografts for decades ranging from hard to soft tissue. Allografts are obtained from various tissues such as bone, tendon, amniotic membrane, meniscus and skin. An advantage of allografts is their wide applicability that has never been limited by indication restrictions thus providing a huge benefit for surgeon’s. The use of the correct allograft in different indications is extremely important. Thereby surgeons have access to various allograft forms such as mineralized, demineralized, freeze-dried, paste, powder, chips strips and putty. The vast options of allografts allow surgeon’s to use allografts in indications they deem fit. Currently, the application of allografts is at the discretion of the expert surgeon. However, regulations are often changed locally or internationally and may impact/limit allograft use to certain indications. Here, we report the different indications where our peracetic acid (PAA) sterilised bone allografts were used as well as general literature on bone allograft use in other indications.

Modern Technologies for Bone Defect Replacement (Literature Review)

“…Bone allografts offer expanded and adaptable options for replacing and restoring damaged bone structures across diverse patient cohorts. Notably, Ahmed N., Eras V. and their colleagues exemplify the successful utilization of such materials in surgical interventions for patients presenting with bone defects of traumatic, infectious, and oncological etiologies, thereby underscoring their proven safety and efficacy [17].…”

Aesthetic and Functional Objectives and Surgical Techniques of Soft Tissue Augmentation Around Dental Implants

“…Сегодня популяризируется применение специальных мукотомов для забора ткани с неба, но более удобно использовать скальпель. По мнению ряда авторов, мукотомы имеют тенденцию образовывать очень тонкие и рыхлые трансплантаты с небольшой толщиной соединительной ткани, которые более склонны к послеоперационной усадке [12]. Использование скальпеля позволяет взять более толстый трансплантат, обеспечивая достаточную толщину подлежащей соединительной ткани, что важно для достижения необходимого по объему и качеству трансплантата.…”

Cold physical plasma treatment optimization for improved bone allograft processing

“…This affects the ingrowth rates of allografts into the foreign bone, which are reported to range between 40% and 80%, depending on the exact type of pre-therapeutic graft processing such as decellularization by H 2 O 2 or nuclear irradiation (Blokhuis and Lindner, 2008;Scheinpflug et al, 2018). The graft processing is necessary to reduce the bone grafts' antigenicity and infection risks by, e.g., HIV, HBV, or HCV (Boyce et al, 1999;Ahmed et al, 2023). Depending on the type of these processing procedures, the graft materials' cellularization potential, osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, and mechanical properties can be affected negatively (DePaula et al, 2005;Lei et al, 2015;Mansor et al, 2023).…”