Alleviation of Natural Salinity Stress on Seedlings and Growth of Cowpea Plants Using Some Different Protective Treatments تفادي تأثير الإجهاد الملحي الطبيعي علي إنبات ونمو نباتات اللوبيا باستخدام بعض المعالجات المختلفة

Abstract

The current research was conducted to alleviate natural salinity stress on seed germination by seed priming and within turn on vegetative development using some different treatments. In laboratory, seeds were soaked in chitosan (200ppm), silicon (200ppm), and yeast extract (50ml/l) compared to control treatment under different salinity stress (0, 5 and 7 dS/m) for 3½ hours. Previous seeds were planted under the same levels of natural saline stress in two fields of El-Serw Agricultural Research Center in Damietta governorate, during 2018-2019 seasons. Two types of treatments were used, sulfur (0.4 ton/fed.) and sulfuric acid (10 L/ fed.) as soil amendments and the same previous soaking compounds used to seed priming as foliar application treatments. Results reveal that elevated the salinity stress had a negative feedback on cowpea seedlings and growth traits. Meanwhile, each of chosen protective treatments had significantly improvement of seed priming and vegetative growth traits. The major improved interaction for the formerly characteristics was the combined addition of sulphur in soil followed with sulfuric acid (10 L/ fed.) with spraying chitosan or with yeast extract under natural salinity stress. Therefore, we recommend adding sulfur to the soil (0.4 ton/fed.) before cultivation and seed priming of cowpea (Kaha 1) as well as spraying plants by chitosan (200ppm) or spraying with yeast extract (50ml/l) after 20 days after sowing, three times, ten days intervals, to increase plant tolerance to natural soil salinity for obtain the best vegetable growth under the same conditions.