Alleviating Heat Stress Leads to Improved Cow Reproductive Performance

Suadsong, Siriwat

doi:10.5772/50881

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…Season of first breeding was also significantly related to the conception at first breeding in our study; the highest FSC took place in the winter, and the lowest FSC was in the summer, agreeing with other studies [19]. Elsewhere, the proposed effects of high temperature on impaired fertility were reported to be occurring directly and indirectly, as described below [20]. According to the known relationship between body temperature and environmental temperature, hot season disadvantaged follicular development and fetal implantation [20,21].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Elsewhere, the proposed effects of high temperature on impaired fertility were reported to be occurring directly and indirectly, as described below [20]. According to the known relationship between body temperature and environmental temperature, hot season disadvantaged follicular development and fetal implantation [20,21]. Moreover, summer months have been shown to lead to reproductive hormone disturbance, deteriorated oocyte development, and early fetal death [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between milk urea nitrogen and first service conception in smallholder dairy farms under heat and humidity stress

2018

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Aim:The study was to evaluate the relationship between the first service conception (FSC) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) in smallholder dairy farms under heat and humidity stress.Materials and Methods:Dairy cows from 43 dairy farms giving birth between November 2014 and April 2015 (n=295) contributed to the study. All cows were sampled monthly to measure milk compositions, and we collected additional farm data from farmers through a questionnaire. The first service during the first 120 days of lactation was the outcome of interest in this study. Multivariable logistic regression determined significant associations with FSC.Results:The overall FSC was 22% and the mean MUN concentration was 11.55 mg/dl. The final FSC model included MUN concentration, the season of breeding, and protein energy ratio (PE ratio) in the diet. The odds of FSC were reduced by approximately 10% for each mg/dl higher MUN on the day of the milk sample that was nearest to the artificial insemination (AI) day. The odds of FSC were nearly 3 times higher when the first insemination occurred in winter compared to summer first services. Taking into account the nutritional factors, the odds of FSC were nearly 70% higher with an increase in PE ratio of 10 g of crude protein/Mcal from the mean of 35.90 g.Conclusion:This study of smallholder dairy farmers in the hot and humid climate of Thailand confirmed that season, nutritional management, and MUN concentration were associated with FSC. MUN appears to be a useful indicator to monitor the effects of diet on reproductive performance from this study.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between milk urea nitrogen and first service conception in smallholder dairy farms under heat and humidity stress

2018

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“…The climatic conditions of the tropics bring about an increase in temperature and relative humidity. In combination with the high production of metabolic heat from body maintenance and milk production, postpartum cows will suffer from an extreme heat load, resulting in a decline in feed and water intake, a high body temperature and a decrease in fertility [ 9 ]. The strategic management of this condition should focus on the use of an appropriate genetic approach [ 71 ] by improving reproductive traits without disturbing production in high-producing dairy cattle under heat stress conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, cattle across the world are affected by HS in different conditions: a long summer season in the southwestern United States and Brazil, and a short summer season or heatwave in central Europe, the northern United States and Canada [ 5 , 7 ]. Moreover, an association between HS and a decrease in the fertility of lactating dairy cows was found, particularly in the tropical areas with high ambient temperatures and humidity [ 9 , 10 ]. Although animals can adapt to HS, the response mechanisms, including cellular and molecular responses that ensure survival, are also detrimental to performance [ 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Effects of Short-Term and Long-Term Heat Exposures on the Immune Response and Prostaglandin Biosynthesis in Bovine Endometrial Cells

Chotimanukul

Suwimonteerabutr

Techakumphu

et al. 2022

Animals

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Worldwide heat stress (HS) conditions have a negative impact on dairy cow fertility. However, understanding of the effect of heat stress on endometrial functions is still unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of differential heat exposure conditions on the immune response and prostaglandin biosynthesis of bovine endometrium challenged with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cultures of endometrial cells were grown to confluence at 37 °C (control) and 40.4 °C for 24 h after confluence (short-term heat exposure) and 40.4 °C for 8 days from the beginning of the culture (long-term heat exposure), prior to a challenge by 100 ng/mL LPS for 12 h. LPS altered ALOX12, IL8, IL1B, S100A8, PTGES and AKR1B1 expressions, as well as secretory IL8 and PGF2α. Short-term heat exposure decreased S100A8, IL8 and PGF2α compared with the control temperature, while long-term heat exposure decreased S100A8 and PGF2α. In contrast, HSPA5 expression was not altered by heat exposure or LPS. Indeed, the short-term heat treatment was insufficient for accomplishing the responses of the endometrium to LPS treatment for IL8, S100A8 and PTGES expressions when compared with other temperature conditions. Our findings showed that heat exposure could compromise endometrium immune response and prostaglandin biosynthesis in different ways based on elevated temperature duration, which could reduce subsequent fertility.

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Evaluation of influence of milk urea nitrogen on reproductive performance in smallholder dairy farms

et al. 2020

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ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the relationship between milk urea nitrogen (MUN) and reproductive performance in dairy cows in western Thailand.DesignAll cows calving from November 2014 to April 2015 were included in the study, a total of 486 cows from 47 farms. Each cow had milk constituents and MUN tested monthly up to confirmed conception or until the 8th month after parturition. Each farm had a dietary assessment completed. Cox proportional hazard models with shared frailty were used to determine associations of conception rate.ResultsCows became pregnant increasingly quickly over time, except during 100–150 days of lactation. A change in MUN from 12.5 to 13.5 mg/dL on the closet day to breeding was associated with a 5% decrease in conception. Milk protein was negatively associated with hazard of conception, whereas milk lactose and dietary protein:energy ratio had positive associations with conception rate. Breeding season was also significant; the highest conception rate was observed in cows inseminated during winter, whereas insemination during the humid rainy season resulted in the lowest conception rates. The farm random effect in the model was strongly significant.ConclusionDetrimental effects of higher MUN on rate of conception were identified. The rate of conception was positively associated with protein:energy ratio in the study. Therefore, good nutritional management leading to positive energy balance should benefit conception rates.

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Alleviating Heat Stress Leads to Improved Cow Reproductive Performance

Cited by 5 publications

References 71 publications

Association between milk urea nitrogen and first service conception in smallholder dairy farms under heat and humidity stress

Association between milk urea nitrogen and first service conception in smallholder dairy farms under heat and humidity stress

In Vitro Effects of Short-Term and Long-Term Heat Exposures on the Immune Response and Prostaglandin Biosynthesis in Bovine Endometrial Cells

Evaluation of influence of milk urea nitrogen on reproductive performance in smallholder dairy farms

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