Allergy to prebiotic galacto-oligosaccharides: House dust mites—the putative primary sensitizer

Lee, Li Yuan Gabriella Nadine; Zhong, Youjia; Leow, Si Yuan; Lim, Shan Chun; Wen, Hongmei; Soh, Jian Yi; Chiang, Wen Chin; Delsing, Dianne J.; Lee, Bee Wah; Huang, Chiung‐Hui

doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2019.10.003

Cited by 4 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Despite recent evidence from Singapore suggesting that sensitization to GOS is related to dust mite sensitization, it remains true that GOS-containing prebiotics are widely available all over the world whereas allergic reactions seem to be limited to Asia, pointing to a still unknown primary sensitizing source. 89…”

Section: G Roup E: G Al Ac To -Oli G Osaccharide S (G Os) Produced By Bac Terial B E Ta-g Al Ac Tos Ida S Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate epitopes currently recognized as targets for IgE antibodies

Platts‐Mills

Hilger

Jappe

et al. 2021

Allergy

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Until recently, glycan epitopes have not been documented by the WHO/IUIS Allergen Nomenclature Sub-Committee. This was in part due to scarce or incomplete information on these oligosaccharides, but also due to the widely held opinion that IgE to these epitopes had little or no relevance to allergic symptoms. Most IgE-binding glycans recognized up to 2008 were considered to be "classical" cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCD) that occur in insects, some helminths and throughout the plant kingdom. Since 2008, the prevailing opinion on lack of clinical relevance of IgEbinding glycans has been subject to a reevaluation. This was because IgE specific for the mammalian disaccharide galactose-alpha-1,3-galactose (alpha-gal) was identified as a cause of delayed anaphylaxis to mammalian meat in the United States, an observation that has been confirmed by allergists in many parts of the world. Several experimental studies have shown that oligosaccharides with one or more terminal alpha-gal How to cite this article: Platts-Mills TA, Hilger C, Jappe U, et al. Carbohydrate epitopes currently recognized as targets for IgE

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Section: G Roup E: G Al Ac To -Oli G Osaccharide S (G Os) Produced By Bac Terial B E Ta-g Al Ac Tos Ida S Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Carbohydrate epitopes currently recognized as targets for IgE antibodies

Platts‐Mills

Hilger

Jappe

et al. 2021

Allergy

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“…Patients' sera were pre-incubated with lactose or TDG before the ELISA detection of GOS-specific IgE. Self-inhibition for GOS-specific IgE was conducted using commercial GOS or using a GOS fraction-enriched in allergenicity as described earlier ( 6 ). This GOS fraction was the material used as coating antigen in the ELISA assay.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vivinal ® GOS syrups were obtained from FrieslandCampina, The Netherlands. A fraction of GOS with enriched allergenic GOS DP4 structures and Blo t extract were prepared as previously described ( 6 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sera were incubated overnight with lactose or TDG at final concentrations ranging from 0.03 mM to 100 mM at 4 • C. Selfinhibition of GOS-specific IgE was performed using Vivinal R GOS syrup or the enriched tetrasaccharide GOS fraction (DP4) at 1 or 10 µg/ml (final concentration). The pre-absorbed sera were then tested for the level of GOS-specific IgE by ELISA developed in-house as previously described (6). The percentage of inhibition was calculated as (1-IgE level with inhibitor/IgE level without inhibitor) × 100.…”

Section: Competitive Ige Elisamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soon after the introduction of GOS supplemented infant and maternal milk formula to South East Asia, cases of IgE-mediated immediate allergic reactions and anaphylaxis linked to GOS were reported ( 4 , 5 ). These reactions occurred upon first consumption of these products and the putative primary sensitizer has been determined to be Blomia tropicalis (Blo t) ( 6 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Evaluation of the Mechanisms of Galacto-Oligosaccharide (GOS)-Induced IgE Cross-Linking on Basophils in GOS Allergy

et al. 2022

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The prebiotics, galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS), are small carbohydrate molecules with 1–7 galactose units linked to glucose and have been shown to trigger IgE-mediated anaphylaxis in some cases following ingestion. It is still an unresolved question of how GOS cross-links IgE on basophils. In this study, we examined whether human galectins, a class of lectins that bind specifically to β-galactoside carbohydrates, are involved in GOS-induced basophil activation. Basophil activation test to GOS and control allergen, Blomia tropicalis (Blo t) extract were performed in the presence or absence of four sugar-based galectin inhibitors (lactose, thiodigalactoside [TDG], TD139, and GB1107) and one peptide-based inhibitor, G3-C12. Results showed that TD139, GB1107, and G3-C12 did not display a specific inhibitory effect on GOS-induced basophil activation as compared to control allergen. An inhibitory effect of lactose and TDG on GOS-induced basophil activation was observed and varied between subjects with up to 100% inhibition at low doses of GOS. The results of competitive ELISA suggest that the inhibitory effects of high dose lactose and TDG on the basophil activation is likely due to the cross-reactivity of GOS-specific IgE to lactose and TDG. Basophil activation is performed using purified basophils suggested that cell surface receptors on other blood cells were not required to induce basophil activation. In conclusion, our results suggest that GOS, a low molecular weight sugar, is able to cross-link IgE independently.

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