“…1c) cannot fully describe chaotic behaviors, they nonetheless were in general agreement with EC 50 or IC 50 values described in the literature. Specifically, the KIC values were in agreement with the values reported for the L-type Ca 2+ channel blocker verapamil (Zahradnik, et al, 2008; Zhang, et al, 1999), the L-type Ca 2+ channel activator Bay K 8644 (Ogawa, et al, 1992), the K ATP channel opener levcromakalim (Houjou, Iizuka, Dobashi, & Nakazawa, 1996), the hERG K + channel activator NS1463 (Hansen, et al, 2006) and the hERG blockers cisapride (Mohammad, et al, 1997; Potet, Bouyssou, Escande, & Baró, 2001; Toga, et al, 2007) and E-4031 (Fossa, et al, 2004). We identified a lower than reported EC 50 for the hERG blocker dofetilide (Snyders & Chaudhary, 1996), and sotalol (Peng, Lacerda, Kirsch, Brown, & Bruening-Wright) as well as for the Na + channel blocker flecainide (Ramos & O'Leary, 2004).…”