Allergic Respiratory Responses to Fungi

Day, James H.

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-10373-9_9

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 63 publications

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“…Risk-assessment on the inhalation of mycotoxins cannot be made from the analysis of bulk samples of construction materials, in spite of that dose-response of airborne mycotoxin to humans is known. However, as most of the fungi isolated from damp indoor environments can elicit allergenic reactions in addition to being toxic (18), it seems that care should be exercised when moisturedamaged sites are torn down or renovated. Sterigmatocystin is an IARC class 2B carcinogen (9) and also has immunotoxic properties (7).…”

Section: Production Of Mycotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxins of Aspergilli exposure and health effects

Reijula

Tuomi²

2003

Front Biosci

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Mycotoxins derived from Aspergilli can be encountered both in domestic and occupational environments, and the exposure may lead to severe health hazards. Several Aspergillus species are associated with mycotoxin production: A. ochraceus with ochratoxin A, A. fumigatus with fumitremorgins, gliotoxin and verrucologen, A. versicolor with sterigmatocystin, and A. flavus and A. parasiticus with aflatoxins. Sterigmatocystin may also be produced by A. flavus, A. nidulans, A. rugulosus, and A. unguis. Exposure to mycotoxin may occur via enteric, inhalation or direct contact to skin and mucosa. Acute and chronic disorders, irritation, systemic reactions and even cancer may develop after the exposure to these toxins. Mycotoxins act as immunosuppressants which may be in association with an increased prevalence of repeated infections found among the inhabitants of buildings with moisture problems.

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Section: Production Of Mycotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycotoxins of Aspergilli exposure and health effects

Reijula

Tuomi²

2003

Front Biosci

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Using Human Sera to Identify a 52-kDa Exoantigen of Penicillium chrysogenum and Implications of Polyphasic Taxonomy of Anamorphic Ascomycetes in the Study of Antigenic Proteins

2009

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We are interested in isolating and identifying antigenic fungal proteins from species that grow on damp building materials. The indoor clade of Penicillium chrysogenum, the so-called Fleming clade, is the most common species of Penicillium on moldy building materials. We have identified a 52-kDa marker protein for the indoor clade of P. chrysogenum not present in a taxonomically diverse selection of fungi. It is found in high concentrations in protein extracted from the fungus grown on paper-faced gypsum wallboard. During this process, we illuminated the variability in response to patient sera and of strains of the fungus collected over a wide geographic area. From a collection of sera from all over the USA, 25 of the 48 patients reacted to the 52-kDa protein from this prescreened collection of sera. Most strain/antibody combinations had proportionate ELISA response associated with the presence of the target. However, approximately 25% of the strain/patient serum combinations included people who responded to many common allergens from the Penicillia. All the P. chrysogenum strains tested produced the target protein. However, there was considerable variability in patient IgG response to 32-, 30-, and 18-kDa antigens and in their production by the various clade 4 strains. The target protein was not found in spores or culture extracts of a wide selection of relevant fungi. It appears that the previous studies have been conducted on strains of the fungus from the three clades not those associated with the built environment.

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