Allergic reactions to atropine eye drops for retardation of progressive myopia in children

Kothari, Mihir; Jain, Rishika; Khadse, Nitu; Rathod, Vivek; Mutha, Shreyans

doi:10.4103/ijo.ijo_165_18

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…ACD from atropine eye drops in children has been reported to develop within a few weeks or after many years of usage, six cases being recently described in India [72].…”

Section: Topical Pharmaceutical Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact Allergy in Children

Goossens

Morren

2020

Contact Dermatitis

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Contact allergy in children is more frequent than previously suspected. Metals, ingredients of pharmaceutical and cosmetic products, preservatives/biocides, para-phenylenediamine, rubber additives, plastics and resins, and plants are known sensitizers in them. In adolescents, occupation-induced allergens may be involved as well. Sometimes unusual clinical presentations of allergic contact dermatitis can be observed. If there is a suspicion by history and clinical picture, or there is an unexplained eczema at particular body sites, patch testing should be performed at all ages. Patch testing in children is safe, but false-positive (as false-negative) reactions are, of course, possible. Patch test reactions must be interpreted carefully, particularly in atopic subjects, since their skin is readily irritated; this is especially the case for metals. An abbreviated baseline series, supplemented with relevant allergens from other test series, as well as contacted products and respective ingredients suggested by the history, should be patch tested.

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“…ACD from atropine eye drops in children has been reported to develop within a few weeks or after many years of usage, six cases being recently described in India [72].…”

Section: Topical Pharmaceutical Productsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact Allergy in Children

Goossens

Morren

2020

Contact Dermatitis

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“…Eye drops made from it are often used not only as an intervention for children's progressive myopia, but also for the treatment of pediatric eye diseases such as cycloplegia, amblyopia, and strabismus [ 10 ]. And, given the allergic reactions to the eyes, atropine eye drops is often given at a low dose to myopic children [ 11 ]. Studies have shown that 0.01% atropine eye drops (low-dose atropine (LDA)) has no significant adverse effects on children's optical quality, with better therapeutic safety than 0.05% atropine eye drops [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Atropine Eye Drops Combined with VR-Based Binocular Visual Function Balance Training for Prevention and Control of Juvenile Myopia

Shi

2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Purpose. This study mainly analyzes the efficacy of 0.01% atropine eye drops (low-dose atropine (LDA)) combined with virtual reality (VR)-based binocular visual function (BVF) balance training in the prevention and control of juvenile myopia. Methods. One hundred and thirty-six juvenile myopia patients admitted between November 2018 to November 2021 were selected, including 76 cases (research group) receiving LDA + VR-based BVF balance training and 60 cases (control group) treated by LDA intervention alone. Visual acuity (VA; naked vision), ocular parameters (pupil diameter (PD), axial length (AXL), and diopter), intraocular pressure (IOP), accommodation facility, clinical efficacy, and incidence of adverse reactions were observed, compared, and analyzed in both groups. Results. After analysis, it was found that the research group showed significantly higher naked vision and PD while statistically lower D after intervention than the corresponding preinterventional parameters than the control group. While AXL showed no statistical difference between the groups and within groups. The IOP also differed insignificantly between groups, but the post-treatment accommodation facility was better in the research group compared with the baseline (before treatment) and control group. In terms of curative effects, an obviously higher total effective rate was determined in the research group. In addition, the two groups showed no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions. Conclusions. LDA + VR-based BVF balance training deserves clinical popularization, as it can prevent and control myopia among teenagers, with better adjusting effects on eye function and certain safety.

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“…Allergic conjunctivitis caused by atropine instillation has been reported [ 47 , 48 , 49 ]. Dutch authors relate the allergic reactions to the preservative contained (0.5%) [ 15 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corneal Penetration of Low-Dose Atropine Eye Drops

Austermann

Schaeffel

Mathis

et al. 2021

JCM

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Major studies demonstrating the inhibition of myopia in children and juveniles by low-dose atropine eye drops provide little information on the manufacturing process and the exact composition of the atropine dilutions. However, corneal penetration might significantly vary depending on preservatives, such as benzalkonium chloride (BAC), and the atropine concentration. Since there is a trade-off between side effects, stability, and optimal effects of atropine on myopia, it is important to gain better knowledge about intraocular atropine concentrations. We performed an ex vivo study to determine corneal penetration for different formulations. Atropine drops (0.01%) of different formulations were obtained from pharmacies and applied to the cornea of freshly enucleated pig eyes. After 10 min, a sample of aqueous humor was taken and atropine concentrations were determined after liquid–liquid extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The variability that originated from variations in applied drop size exceeded the differences between preserved and preservative-free formulations. The atropine concentration in the anterior chamber measured after 10 min was only 3.8 × 10−8 of its concentration in the applied eye drops, corresponding to 502.4 pM. Obviously, the preservative did not facilitate corneal penetration, at least ex vivo. In the aqueous humor of children’s eyes, similar concentrations, including higher variability, may be expected in the lower therapeutic window of pharmacodynamic action.

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Allergic reactions to atropine eye drops for retardation of progressive myopia in children

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

Contact Allergy in Children

Contact Allergy in Children

Effect of Atropine Eye Drops Combined with VR-Based Binocular Visual Function Balance Training for Prevention and Control of Juvenile Myopia

Corneal Penetration of Low-Dose Atropine Eye Drops

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