Allergic contact stomatitis to dodecyl gallate? A review of the relevance of positive patch test results to gallates

Gamboni, Sarah E; Palmer, Amanda; Nixon, Rosemary

doi:10.1111/j.1440-0960.2012.00941.x

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Moreover, manufacturers usually do not list most of the ingredients on the package. This is quite evident in a study of allergic contact dermatitis from gallates and a skin repair cream was one of products suspected of causing allergic reactions [37]. The list of ingredients of current packaging did not specify presence of gallates whereas previous older packaging stated that it contained propyl gallate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As manufacturers do not list most of the ingredients in a cosmetic product, the relevance of positive reactions may not possibly be ascertained in all. Furthermore, dissociation between the patch test results from individual cosmetics ingredients and the cosmetic product when patch tested as such could be due to presence of ingredients in much lower concentration in finished products of cosmetics [37]. Avoidance of cosmetic contact hypersensitivity is perhaps a first step in preventing/treating melasma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cosmetic Contact Sensitivity in Patients with Melasma: Results of a Pilot Study

Prabha¹,

Mahajan²,

Mehta³

et al. 2014

Dermatology Research and Practice

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Background. Some of the patients with melasma perhaps have pigmented cosmetic dermatitis. However, cosmetic contact sensitivity in melasma remains poorly studied particularly in the Indian context. Objectives. To study cosmetic contact sensitivity in patients with melasma. Materials and Methods. 67 (F : M = 55 : 12) consecutive patients with melasma between 19 and 49 years of age were patch tested sequentially during January–December, 2012, with Indian Cosmetic and Fragrance Series, Indian Sunscreen Series, p-phenylenediamine, and patient's own cosmetic products. Results. 52 (78%) patients were in the age group of 20–40 years. The duration of melasma varied from 1 month to 20 years. Centrofacial, malar, and mandibular patterns were observed in 48 (72%), 18 (27%), and 1 (1%) patients, respectively. Indian Cosmetics and Fragrance Series elicited positive reactions in 29 (43.3%) patients. Cetrimide was the most common contact sensitizers eliciting positivity in 15 (52%) patients, followed by gallate mix in 9 (31%) patients and thiomersal in 7 (24%) patients. Only 2 of the 42 patients showed positive reaction from their own cosmetics while the other 5 patients had irritant reaction. Indian Sunscreen Series did not elicit any positive reaction. Conclusion. Cosmetics contact sensitivity appears as an important cause of melasma not associated with pregnancy, lactation, or hormone therapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmetic Contact Sensitivity in Patients with Melasma: Results of a Pilot Study

Prabha¹,

Mahajan²,

Mehta³

et al. 2014

Dermatology Research and Practice

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, there was often no relevance found in these reactions (89 and 93% unknown relevance, respectively), which has been the subject of our recent review. 55 Essential oils An Israeli study quoted 13 of 16 patients with occupational contact dermatitis after using essential oils also had a positive reaction to fragrance mix 1. 56 They suggested that fragrance mix 1 in a baseline series is a good screening agent for essential oil allergy.…”

Section: Notable Exclusions To the Australian Baseline Seriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The first Australian Baseline Series: Recommendations for patch testing in suspected contact dermatitis

et al. 2014

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“…The three main gallates are octyl, propyl and dodecyl are responsible of OCA, mainly cheilitis and stomatitis, due to the ingestion of gallates-containig food (such as bakery products) and the use of cosmetics, in particular lipstick [4, 39, 54–56]. …”

Section: Dental Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unmet diagnostic needs in contact oral mucosal allergies

et al. 2016

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The oral mucosa including the lips is constantly exposed to several noxious stimuli, irritants and allergens. However, oral contact pathologies are not frequently seen because of the relative resistance of the oral mucosa to irritant agents and allergens due to anatomical and physiological factors. The spectrum of signs and symptoms of oral contact allergies (OCA) is broad and a large number of condition can be the clinical expression of OCA such as allergic contact stomatitis, allergic contact cheilitis, geographic tongue, oral lichenoid reactions, burning mouth syndrome. The main etiological factors causing OCA are dental materials, food and oral hygiene products, as they contain flavouring agents and preservatives. The personal medical history of the patient is helpful to perform a diagnosis, as a positive history for recent dental procedures. Sometimes histology is mandatory. When it cannot identify a direct cause of a substance, in both acute and chronic OCA, patch tests can play a pivotal role in the diagnosis. However, patch tests might have several pitfalls. Indeed, the presence of metal ions as haptens and specifically the differences in their concentrations in oral mucosa and in standard preparation for patch testing and in the differences in pH of the medium might result in either false positive/negative reactions or non-specific irritative reactions. Another limitation of patch test results is the difficulty to assess the clinical relevance of haptens contained in dental materials and only the removal of dental materials or the avoidance of other contactant and consequent improvement of the disease may demonstrate the haptens’ responsibility. In conclusion, the wide spectrum of clinical presentations, the broad range of materials and allergens which can cause it, the difficult interpretation of patch-test results, the clinical relevance assessment of haptens found positive at patch test are the main factors that make sometimes difficult the diagnosis and the management of OCA that requires an interdisciplinary approach to the patient.

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Allergic contact stomatitis to dodecyl gallate? A review of the relevance of positive patch test results to gallates

Cited by 24 publications

References 9 publications

Cosmetic Contact Sensitivity in Patients with Melasma: Results of a Pilot Study

Cosmetic Contact Sensitivity in Patients with Melasma: Results of a Pilot Study

The first Australian Baseline Series: Recommendations for patch testing in suspected contact dermatitis

Unmet diagnostic needs in contact oral mucosal allergies

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