Allergic Contact Dermatitis of the Vulva

Woodruff, Carina M.; Trivedi, Megha; Botto, Nina; Kornik, Rachel

doi:10.1097/der.0000000000000339

Cited by 27 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…At the vulvar area, contact allergy can also be caused by exposure to contact allergens such as fragrance, preservative, and medicament. 13,14 The vulvar epithelium has more complex anatomical features than does the skin. The cutaneous epithelium of the mons pubis and labia majora, like the skin, is derived from the embryonic ectoderm and exhibits a stratified and keratinized structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential susceptibility between skin and vaginal mucosa in sensitization phase of allergic contact dermatitis in mice

Nishijo

Nakayama

Miyazawa

et al. 2020

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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Introduction Mechanisms underlying skin sensitization in allergic contact dermatitis have been actively studied using the murine contact hypersensitivity (CHS) model. However, much less is known about sensitization at the vaginal mucosa (VM). Methods We developed a CHS model with VM sensitization and epicutaneous elicitation at the ear. We then examined the proliferation activity of lymphocytes, the frequencies of T cells and the differentiation of hapten‐specific T cells in draining lymph nodes (dLNs) after sensitization. Results Hapten‐specific CHS responses to 2,4‐dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB), 2,4,6‐trinitrochrolobenzene, and oxazolone assessed by ear swelling suggested that the VM would be an inductive site of CHS to haptens. In the comparisons of CHS responses to each of the three haptens examined, the lower responses in VM‐sensitized mice were observed than skin‐sensitized mice (e.g., DNFB‐induced responses, −56%; p < .001, at 48 h after challenge). Consistent with the CHS responses, the DNFB‐induced proliferation of cells in dLNs examined by 5‐bromo‐2ʹ‐deoxyuridine assay was lower (−62%; p < .001) in VM‐sensitized mice than skin‐sensitized mice. On the other hand, between skin and VM sensitization, no significant differences were observed in the frequencies of interferon‐γ‐producing CD4+ and CD8+ effector, and regulatory T cells in dLNs after sensitization. We also observed no significant differences with respect to differentiation of hapten‐specific T cells based on the examination of cytokine production from dLN cells stimulated in vitro with 2,4‐dinitrobenzene sulfonate. Conclusion These findings suggested that the lower T cell proliferation after VM sensitization is important for the lower CHS responses with VM sensitization than skin sensitization.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the vulvar area, contact allergy can also be caused by exposure to contact allergens such as fragrance, preservative, and medicament 13,14 . The vulvar epithelium has more complex anatomical features than does the skin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential susceptibility between skin and vaginal mucosa in sensitization phase of allergic contact dermatitis in mice

Nishijo

Nakayama

Miyazawa

et al. 2020

Immunity Inflam & Disease

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“…Анализ литературы показал, что наибольшее количество научных работ, рекомендаций, пособий для врачей посвящено АВВ, обусловленному местной аллергической реакцией [6][7][8][9]. Среди потенциальных триггеров аллергического контактного вульвовагинита указываются моющие средства, презервативы, прокладки, местные лекарственные средства, кремы, вещества, входящие в состав спермицидов (в первую очередь бензокаин, ноноксинол-9), различные ароматические добавки, пропиленгликоль [9,10].…”

Section: аллергены наиболее значимые в развитии аллергического вульвовагинитаunclassified

“…В работах современных ученых показано, что такие широко распространенные пищевые аллергены, как коровье молоко, цитрусовые, яйца, арахис, орехи, мед, пшеница, рыба, морепродукты, пищевые добавки, специи, соусы, чеснок, при употреблении внутрь способны вызывать аллергическую реакцию, локализованную только на вульве и во влагалище, или сочетанное поражение кожи и слизистых [23][24][25].…”

Section: аллергены наиболее значимые в развитии аллергического вульвовагинитаunclassified

Allergy and Recurrent Vulvovaginitis

Чернова¹,

Perlamutrov²,

Zadorozhnaya³

et al. 2020

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Objective of the Review: To summarize data in the literature about the allergens that play the most significant role in the development of allergic vulvovaginitis and current approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of this condition. Key Points: Allergy plays an important role in the development of recurrent vulvovaginitis, but is often underestimated because it lacks pathognomic signs. Fungal and contact allergens are the most significant contributors. Exposure to food, injection, enteral and inhalation allergens can also cause allergic vulvovaginitis. Despite a wide range of available specific tests, the diagnosis of allergic inflammation of genital mucous membranes is difficult because there is no standardized examination algorithm for allergic vulvovaginitis. Conclusion: A detailed history, clinical examination, and highly sensitive laboratory tests will make it possible to choose the correct treatment and achieve a complete cure or sustained remission in patients with recurrent vulvovaginitis and pre-existing allergy problems. Keywords: allergic vulvovaginitis, recurrent vulvovaginitis.

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“…After taking a detailed personal medical history regarding to hygiene techniques focusing on the use of antibiotic ointments, antiseptics, topical analgesics, lubricants should the gynecologist establish, whether the examining woman suffers from general skin conditions including dermatitis, psoriasis, lichen sclerosus, allergic contact dermatitis, or suspicious vulva disorders. It is commonly agreed that the rate of allergic dermatitis is high in combination to vulvar symptoms [3]. During the examination, the clinician should carefully examine the vulva and pay attention to skin or mucosal color (erythema and intense red); texture can provide clues to correct diagnosis (e.g., slight hyperkeratosis and thickened skin) existence of any lesions, which seems unusual for such macules, papules, or ulcers [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depigmentation’s Disorders of the Vulva, Clinical Management

Tsikouras¹,

Anthoulaki²,

Deftereou³

et al. 2019

Depigmentation

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The cancer of the vulva is a rare disease with a positive association to poor developing countries. However, the incidence of vulvar cancer in situ nearly doubled in the last two decades and remained relatively stable. The main reason for this increased incidence of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) in women younger than 45 years is due to changes in sexual behavior, first intercourse at early age, multiple sexual partners, and sexually transmitted diseases that were increasing progressively. Furthermore, it is strongly associated with smoking and the increased incidence of HPV infection. The occurrence of early symptoms of VINlike pruritus vulvae, pain, and lichen sclerosus led to early diagnosis to perform the adequate treatment. VIN tends to appear multifocal, while most invasive cancers are unilateral located and appeared with well-circumscribed lesions.

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Allergic Contact Dermatitis of the Vulva

Cited by 27 publications

References 66 publications

Differential susceptibility between skin and vaginal mucosa in sensitization phase of allergic contact dermatitis in mice

Differential susceptibility between skin and vaginal mucosa in sensitization phase of allergic contact dermatitis in mice

Allergy and Recurrent Vulvovaginitis

Depigmentation’s Disorders of the Vulva, Clinical Management

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