Allergic contact dermatitis due to urethane acrylate in ultraviolet cured inks.

Upper airway symptoms and function in wood surface coating industry workers

“…However, nasal obstruction and hypersecretion as well as an increased incidence of common colds has been reported in wood furniture workers [Ruppe, 1973;Wilhelmsson and Drettner, 19841. These symptoms seem to correlate with wood dust concentration [Andersen et al, 19771. Inflammation, skin irritation, and allergic contact dermatitis from exposure to acrylates are, potentially, the most likely health effects to workers [Bjorkner et al, 1980;Emmet, 1977;Malten, 1979;Malten et al, 1979;Nethercott, 1981;Nethercott et al, 1983;Whittington, 19811. However, no studies have been published, to our knowledge, on health complaints and/or pathophysiology in upper airways in workers exposed to multifunctional acrylates.…”

Health hazard evaluation report: evaluation of health symptoms and exposures among employees at a flooring manufacturing plant.

“…Skin sensitizers are chemicals that can result in allergic reactions with repeated exposure, even if they do not cause skin reactions immediately [NIOSH 2013]. In one study, seven workers exposed to UV-curable urethane-based inks developed contact dermatitis [Nethercott et al 1983]. Thus, preventing skin contact and promptly removing UV coating from the skin are important to preventing skin sensitization.…”

Inks and Dyes

“…Sensitization to such inks has been reported at the end of the 1970s (Emmett and Kominsky 1977) and most reports of allergic contact dermatitis are due to inks used by silk-screen printers. Allergens include (meth)acrylic compounds, sometimes of epoxy type (epoxy (di) (meth)acrylates), isocyanates, and photoactivators (Emmett and Kominsky 1977;Björkner et al 1980;Nethercott 1981;Malten and Seutter 1984;Nethercott et al 1983;Aalto-Korte et al 2009). It is important to test patients with their own products but a short screening series with EGDMA, DEGDA, 2-HPMA, and PETA could screen around 90% of patients occupationally sensitized to (meth-)acrylates (Aalto-Korte et al 2010).…”