Allergic Contact Dermatitis Caused by Idoxuridine

Amon, Robert B.; Lis, Adam W.; Hanifin, Jon M.

doi:10.1001/archderm.1975.01630240037006

Cited by 30 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Cirkel and van Ketel [78] described a patient sensitized to both idoxuridine and trifluoridine, pointing out the sensitizing properties of trifluormethylized trifluoridine and the likely cross-reactivity between this compound and idoxuridine. Interestingly, Amon et al [70] observed cross-reactivity among this agent and other brominated and chlorinated, but not fluorinated, pyrimidine analogues.…”

Section: Idoxuridine and Trifluoridinementioning

confidence: 98%

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Hypersensitivity Reactions to Ophthalmic Products

Ventura

Viola

Gaeta

et al. 2006

CPD

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Adverse reactions after administration of ophthalmic products have frequently been observed. These reactions can be provoked by both active principles and excipients. Different pathogenic mechanisms have been suggested for such reactions, including immunologic ones. Basophils and mast cells participate in IgE-mediated reactions through the release of mediators like histamine and tryptase, whereas a T-cell-mediated pathogenic mechanism is involved in most delayed reactions, particularly conjunctival ones and eyelid dermatitis. Prick tests and immediate-reading intradermal tests are carried out to diagnose immediate hypersensitivity reactions, while patch tests are usually performed to evaluate delayed reactions. Other diagnostic tests, such as serum-specific IgE assays in immediate reactions, as well as delayed-reading intradermal tests and/or lymphocyte transformation tests in delayed ones, are rarely performed. In this review, particular attention is addressed to the clinical and practical aspects of both cell-mediated and IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions to ophthalmic products.

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Section: Idoxuridine and Trifluoridinementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Idoxuridine allergic contact dermatitis has been described in at least 7 studies [70][71][72][73][74][75][76]. Relatively few cases showed positive reactions when patch tested with this drug; whereas many appeared to be due to the delivery vehicle components, including propylene glycol and dimethylsulfoxide [76].…”

Section: Idoxuridine and Trifluoridinementioning

confidence: 99%

Hypersensitivity Reactions to Ophthalmic Products

Ventura

Viola

Gaeta

et al. 2006

CPD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Less than 20 cases have confirmed patch test positive to this drug; whereas the others appeared to be due to the delivery vehicle components including propylene glycol and dimethylsulfoxide (41). Interestingly, Amon et al (38) observed a pattern of cross‐reactivity of this agent with other brominated and chlorinated, but not fluorinated, pyrimidine analogues.…”

Section: Documented Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Idoxuridine has been demonstrated to be too toxic for parenteral use and is now only applied topically (16, 36–41). Less toxic and more effective agents have been developed for treatment of this condition and idoxuridine was probably the most well‐known cause of chronic follicular conjunctivitis among the antiviral agents (36, 39).…”

Section: Documented Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Less toxic and more effective agents have been developed for treatment of this condition and idoxuridine was probably the most well‐known cause of chronic follicular conjunctivitis among the antiviral agents (36, 39). Contact dermatitis with patch testing has been documented in at least 7 studies (16, 38, 40–44). Less than 20 cases have confirmed patch test positive to this drug; whereas the others appeared to be due to the delivery vehicle components including propylene glycol and dimethylsulfoxide (41).…”

Section: Documented Casesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Contact dermatitis from topical antiviral drugs

Holdiness

2001

Contact Dermatitis

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The literature has been reviewed for contact dermatitis from topical antiviral drugs. 15 agents have been identified including acyclovir, imiquimod, podophyllin, podofilox, cidofovir, penciclovir, vidarabine, idoxuridine, trifluridine, tromantadine, lamivudine, interferon intralesional injections and ophthalmic solution, fomivirsen and foscarnet intravitreal injections and ganciclovir intraocular implants. Patch testing has been documented in certain individuals and cross-sensitization has been observed to contribute significantly to some allergic reactions.Key words: antiviral drugs; contact dermatitis; patch test; adverse cutaneous reactions; cross-sensitivity; medicaments. C Munksgaard, 2001. Accepted for publication 4 December 2000Adverse cutaneous reactions following topical or injectable administration of antiviral drugs are an uncommonly observed entity. For the most part, skin eruptions are mild and transitory; however, systemic manifestations of varying intensity can occur and may sometimes be serious in nature. Even more rarely observed is the associated contact dermatitis following occupational or therapeutic exposure. Information concerning this aspect of antiviral therapy is sparse and scattered throughout the medical literature. A review of the available data identifies 15 agents including acyclovir, imiquimod, podophyllin, podofilox, cidofovir, penciclovir, vidarabine, idoxuridine, trifluridine, tromantadine, lamivudine, interferon intralesional injections and ophthalmic solution, fomivirsen and foscarnet intravitreal injections and ganciclovir intraocular implants.Epidemiological studies have indicated seroprevalence rates to herpes virus vary from 1% in college freshmen in Columbia, South Carolina, to 9% in women attending a student health center at the University of Washington, to 22% of women attending family planning clinics in Pennsylvania, to 46% of women attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic in Seattle, Washington (1). Human papillomavirus types 6,11,16,18,31,33,35,39,45, 51 and 52 have been found in the cervical epithelium of 50% of sexually active women (2). Types 6 and 11 account for 80% of genital condylomas; whereas, types 16 and 18 account for 80% of cervical cancers in the USA and UK. Thus, considering the number of individuals who receive antiviral chemotherapy, substantial potential exists for adverse cutaneous and contact related reactions to occur. Documented CasesAcyclovir Phlebitis and erythema occurred in 16% of individuals receiving acyclovir intravenously (3). Severe local inflammation leading to necrosis of the skin has occurred from extravasation of intravenously administered acyclovir and has been considered a toxic reaction (4). However, a recent observation was suggestive of an immunologically based mechanism, as evidenced by histological examination indicative of a leukocytoclastic vasculitis (5). Approximately 1% of these individuals have manifested encephalopathic changes including lethargy, obtundation, tremors, confusion, hallucinations, seizures and com...

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Herpes Simplex Infection

Jarratt¹

1983

Arch Dermatol

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Allergic Contact Dermatitis Caused by Idoxuridine

Cited by 30 publications

References 10 publications

Hypersensitivity Reactions to Ophthalmic Products

Hypersensitivity Reactions to Ophthalmic Products

Contact dermatitis from topical antiviral drugs

Herpes Simplex Infection

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