Allergen-induced changes in the nasal mucous membrane in seasonal allergic rhinitis: Effect of nedocromil sodium

Lozewicz, S.; Gomez, E.; Clague, J. E.; Gatland, D. J.; Davies, Robert J.

doi:10.1016/0091-6749(90)90233-t

Cited by 48 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…It is probable that the short duration of eosinophil accumulation in the nasal mucosa resulted from the rapid passage of these cells into the nasal secretions since studies of nasal lavage fluid collected during the immediate allergic reaction have demonstrated an early phase increase in eosinophils [4,5], More prolonged contact with al lergen, in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis under conditions of natural exposure, has been shown to be accompanied by a sustained rise in eosinophil num bers in the nasal mucosa [9] and secretions [10], In the latter study [10] there was an increase in nasal lavage fluid eosinophils on the very 1st day of pollen expo sure whereas epithelial mast cells did not increase un til after 4-5 days of pollen exposure. Similarly, in the present study the transient influx of eosinophils oc curred rapidly and was largely completed at the time of maximal changes in mast cell numbers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Course of Cellular Infiltration in the Nasal Mucosa during the Immediate Allergic Reaction

Lozewicz

Gomez

Chalstrey

et al. 1991

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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In 23 patients with allergic rhinitis, biopsies of the nasal mucous membrane were taken at one of the following times after challenge of one nostril with allergen: 0 (baseline) (n = 7), ½ h (n = 6), 1 h (n = 5), and 2 h (n = 5). In the nostril stimulated by allergen there was a transient early phase influx of eosinophils while the numbers of stainable mast cells decreased, probably due to their degranulation. In the contralateral unstimulated nostril, there was no change in numbers of eosinophils but the numbers of stainable mast cells decreased. These results support the proposed role in allergic rhinitis of the mast cell and eosinophil, and suggest that the eosinophil may be a rapidly mobilized effector cell.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time Course of Cellular Infiltration in the Nasal Mucosa during the Immediate Allergic Reaction

Lozewicz

Gomez

Chalstrey

et al. 1991

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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show abstract

“…Lozewicz et al . [2] investigated the effects of nedocromil sodium compared with placebo on the number of mast cells in the nasal mucosa after natural exposure to allergen during the pollen season from March to July. They showed that over this time period, mast cell numbers increased significantly in patients receiving placebo ( P < 0.02), while the nedocromil sodium group showed no change.…”

Section: Seasonal Allergic Rhinitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of rhinitis – the specialist’s opinion

Cauwenberge

1998

Clin Experimental Allergy

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The aim of the guidelines in the International Consensus Report on the Diagnosis and Management of Rhinitis was to aid general practitioners (GPs) in the treatment of mild or moderate cases of seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR), perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) and non-allergic rhinitis. After the initial strategy of allergen avoidance, GPs have several medications at their disposal. For mild or occasional symptoms of SAR, an oral H1-antihistamine or topical antihistamines or chromones are advised. For moderate symptoms, a topical nasal steroid can be used with or without an oral H1-antihistamine supplemented if necessary with a topical antihistamine or chromone eyedrops. For PAR, patients should be advised on how to minimize their exposure to house-dust mite (HDM) allergens. For intermittent symptoms, an oral H1-antihistamine and an occasional oral decongestant can be used. For persistent symptoms, a topical nasal steroid is advised, possibly supplemented with an antihistamine. For non-allergic rhinitis, irritant factors should be identified and avoided if possible. Topical or oral decongestants can be used for intermittent symptoms. Topical ipratropium bromide is useful for drying up watery rhinorrhea. For moderate symptoms, either a topical nasal steroid or topical ipratropium bromide should be used. For all the conditions, if treatment proves ineffective and symptoms are severe, then a specialist referral is appropriate. Investigations are conducted to identify causative allergens. Further treatment options include immunotherapy and minimal invasive surgery. A large clinical study is ongoing to validate the guidelines and enable the development of simpler therapeutic options according to symptom severity. In the meantime, the current guidelines provide a valuable guide to both the GP and the specialist.

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“…Monocyte chemotactic and activating factor (MCAF), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-l), a chemokine known as "RANTES (regulated and normal T cell expressed and secreted), and macrophage inflammatory protein-la (MIP-la) activate basophils (MCAF/RANTES) and eosinophils (RANTES/MIP-la), whereas IL-8 inhibits MCAF-induced histamine release from ba~ophils.5~ Increases in CD T lymphocytes and CDpositive, IL-2-receptor-positive activated T cells are seen in the nasal muc0sa.1~~ A priming effect results in increased mast-cell density during continued (seasonal) allergen challenge. 59 As a result of histamine release, sneezing with nasal and ocular pruritus result. Pruritus may be felt in the soft palate also, as well as referred into the ear along the eustachian tube.…”

Section: Pathophysiology Of Rhlnltlsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Management of Rhinitis

Weldon¹

1998

Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice

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This article reviews the differential diagnoses for rhinitis, medications available for the treatment of rhinitis, and special circumstances (such as pregnancy or medication side-effects) that may influence a clinician's decision. Considering the economic impact of rhinitis, the cost of prescription medications, and quality-of-life issues that are affected by rhinitis, physicians dealing with managed care organizations should make their diagnosis and treatment decisions carefully.

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Allergen-induced changes in the nasal mucous membrane in seasonal allergic rhinitis: Effect of nedocromil sodium

Cited by 48 publications

References 24 publications

Time Course of Cellular Infiltration in the Nasal Mucosa during the Immediate Allergic Reaction

Time Course of Cellular Infiltration in the Nasal Mucosa during the Immediate Allergic Reaction

Management of rhinitis – the specialist’s opinion

Diagnosis and Management of Rhinitis

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