Allelopathic potential of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor): Isolation of seed germination inhibitors

Lehle, Fredric R.; Putnam, A. R.

doi:10.1007/bf00994229

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Besides crops, weeds are also vulnerable to its allelopathic influence [16,36]. Sorghum toxicity is mainly determined by both hydrophilic phenols in herbage, as well as hydrophobic sorgoleone and its analogs exuded by the root hairs [37,38]. Therefore, sorghum herbage reach can be successfully used against weeds as a foliar spray as it is discussed in detail in the previous chapter.…”

Section: Sorgoleonementioning

confidence: 99%

Allelochemicals as Bioherbicides — Present and Perspectives

Sołtys¹,

Krasuska²,

Bogatek³

et al. 2013

Herbicides - Current Research and Case Studies in Use

164

149

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Section: Sorgoleonementioning

confidence: 99%

Allelochemicals as Bioherbicides — Present and Perspectives

Sołtys¹,

Krasuska²,

Bogatek³

et al. 2013

Herbicides - Current Research and Case Studies in Use

164

149

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Indeed, sorghum has been known to cause 'soil sickness' and affect the growth of other crops in rotation systems (Breazeale, 1924;Einhellig and Rasmussen, 1989;Forney et al, 1985;Putnam et al, 1983). Early studies reported that several classes of water-soluble compounds, such as the phenolics, may be responsible for these allelopathic properties, but these compounds are ubiquitous in plants and are not likely to be involved in the unique activity observed in sorghum (Alsaadawi et al, 1986;Lehle and Putnam, 1983;Panasiuk et al, 1986). On the other hand, 1 is an uncommon lipid benzoquinone with herbicidal activity produced exclusively by sorghum species .…”

Section: Sorgoleone Discovery and Allelopathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sorgoleone

et al. 2010

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Sorgoleone, a major component of the hydrophobic root exudate of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], is one of the most studied allelochemicals. The exudate also contains an equivalent amount of a lipid resorcinol analog as well as a number of minor sorgoleone congeners. Synthesis of sorgoleone is constitutive and compartmentalized within root hairs, which can accumulate up to 20 microg of exudate/mg root dry weight. The biosynthesis pathway involves unique fatty acid desaturases which produce an atypical 16:3 fatty acyl-CoA starter unit for an alkylresorcinol synthase that catalyzes the formation of a pentadecatrienylresorcinol intermediate. This intermediate is then methylated by SAM-dependent O-methyltransferases and dihydroxylated by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. An EST data set derived from a S. bicolor root hair-specific cDNA library contained all the candidate sequences potentially encoding enzymes involved in the sorgoleone biosynthetic pathway. Sorgoleone interferes with several molecular target sites, including inhibition of photosynthesis in germinating seedlings. Sorgoleone is not translocated acropetally in older plants, but can be absorbed through the hypocotyl and cotyledonary tissues. Therefore, the mode of action of sorgoleone may be the result of inhibition of photosynthesis in young seedlings in concert with inhibition of its other molecular target sites in older plants. Due to its hydrophobic nature, sorgoleone is strongly sorbed in soil which increases its persistence, but experiments show that it is mineralized by microorganisms over time.

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“…Several workers have examined the chemical composition of root exudates of sorghum (Guenzi et al, 1967;Lehle and Putnam, 1983;Alsaadawi et al, 1986;Panasiuk et al 1986). Netzly and Butler (1986) isolated hydrophobic p-benzoquinones from grain sorghum roots exudates, which were ultimately identified and named sorgoleone (Netzly et al, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Sorgoleone Levels in Grain Sorghum Root Exudates

et al. 2010

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Sorgoleone, found in the root exudates of sorghum [(Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], has been a subject of continued research. Sorgoleone production in grain sorghum roots was investigated under different growth conditions. Methanol was the most effective solvent for extracting sorgoleone from grain sorghum roots. Sorgoleone production is high in young developing plants. The maximum concentration (microg mg(-1) root dry weight) was produced in 5-d-old seedlings; beyond this age, production declined. However, considering both root weight and sorgoleone content per seedling, 10-d-old seedlings had the highest total amounts (microg). Compared with the control, sorgoleone content increased 6.1, 8.6, and 14.2 times when sorghum seeds were treated with auxins, Hoagland solution, and a combination of auxins and Hoagland solution, respectively. Among the innate immunity response elicitors, cellulose (an elicitor of plant origin) stimulated higher sorgoleone production than the others, and it produced 6.2 times more sorgoleone than the control. Combined treatment of sorghum seeds with half strength Hoagland solution and 5 microg ml(-1) of IBA significantly increased both root growth and sorgoleone content in sorghum seedlings.

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Allelopathic potential of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor): Isolation of seed germination inhibitors

Abstract: In Figure 2, there was a labeling error on the original drawing. On the left side Fraction III should be Fraction II and on the right, Fraction II should be Fraction III.

Cited by 18 publications

References 1 publication

Allelochemicals as Bioherbicides — Present and Perspectives

Allelochemicals as Bioherbicides — Present and Perspectives

Sorgoleone

Enhancing Sorgoleone Levels in Grain Sorghum Root Exudates

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