Allelopathic Potential of Sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) in Weed Control: A Comprehensive Review

Głąb, Lilianna; Sowiński, Józef; Bough, Raven; Dayan, Franck E.

doi:10.1016/bs.agron.2017.05.001

Cited by 53 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 167 publications

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“…Beauv. ], Egyptian crowfootgrass ( Dactyloctenium aegyptium L.), and large crabgrass ( Digitaria sanguinalis L.) 44,50–52 . Significant weed suppression has been observed when fall‐seeded alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) immediately follows a summer sorghum forage 51 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long‐term effect of fumigation and a sorghum cover crop on broadleaf and grass weeds in plastic‐mulched tomato

Sharpe

Boyd

2021

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Broadleaf and grass weeds can adversely affect growth and productivity of plastic‐mulched tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Two, four‐year research trials were conducted in Florida to evaluate the effect of repeated fumigation and chemical fallow versus a sorghum [Sorghum bicolor S. bicolor var. sudanense (Piper) Stapf.] cover crop on broadleaf and grass weeds in tomato plasticulture. RESULTS 1,3‐Dichloropropene (1,3‐D) + chloropicrin (Pic), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) + Pic, and DMDS + metam potassium effectively controlled broadleaf weeds in‐crop and reduced densities by 79–98% compared to the non‐fumigated control but provided inconsistent control of grass weeds. DMDS + metam potassium was generally the most effective fumigant. During the fallow period, a sorghum cover crop effectively reduced broadleaf weed density than the chemical fallow, while chemical fallow effectively reduced grass weed density than the cover crop. The fallow program did not affect in‐crop densities of broadleaf and grass weeds. In some measurements, the evaluated fumigants resulted in taller tomato plants and higher yield compared to the non‐fumigated control. CONCLUSION We conclude that the evaluated soil fumigants effectively control broadleaf and grass weeds. Planting a sorghum cover crop effectively suppresses broadleaf weeds but not grasses during the fallow period. However, this suppression does not result in reduced weed density in‐crop despite the fact that similar weed species were observed in both time periods. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…42,43 A sorghum cover crop can suppress the germination and growth of weeds through competition and shading. 44,45 In addition, sorghum tissues contain a variety of allelopathic compounds such as ferulic, vanillic, p-coumaric, p-hydroxybenzoic acids, and sorgoleone. 46,47,48 Some of these compounds are potent photosystem II inhibitors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long‐term effect of fumigation and a sorghum cover crop on broadleaf and grass weeds in plastic‐mulched tomato

Sharpe

Boyd

2021

Pest Management Science

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“…Thornapple and johnsongrass appear to exclude one another where the wheels compact the soil (the smallest variances correspond to the 75-cm lags associated with wheel tracks). This is probably the result of allelopathy; sorghum plants inhibit other species by exuding sorgoleone [48]. Although thornapple was negatively correlated with velvetleaf and cocklebur, the structure was not well defined.…”

Section: Geostatistical Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

Spatial Analysis of Digital Imagery of Weeds in a Maize Crop

Martín

Milne

Webster

et al. 2018

IJGI

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Abstract:Modern photographic imaging of agricultural crops can pin-point individual weeds, the patterns of which can be analyzed statistically to reveal how they are affected by variation in soil, by competition from other species and by agricultural operations. This contrasts with previous research on the patchiness of weeds that has generally used grid sampling and ignored processes operating at a fine scale. Nevertheless, an understanding of the interaction of biology, environment and management at all scales will be required to underpin robust precise control of weeds. We studied the spatial distributions of six common weed species in a maize field in central Spain. We obtained digital imagery of a rectangular plot 41.0 m by 10.5 m (= 430.5 m 2 ) and from it recorded the exact coordinates of every seedling: more than 82,000 individuals in all. We analyzed the resulting body of data using three techniques: an aggregation analysis of the punctual distributions, a geostatistical analysis of quadrat counts and wavelet analysis of quadrat counts. We found that all species were aggregated with average distances across patches ranging from 3 cm-18 cm. Species with small seeds tended to occur in larger patches than those with large seeds. Several species had aggregation patterns that repeated periodically at right angles to the direction of the crop rows. Wheel tracks favored some species (e.g., thornapple), whereas other species (e.g., johnsongrass) were denser elsewhere. Interactions between species at finer scales (<1 m) were negligible, although a negative correlation between thornapple and cocklebur was evident. We infer that the spatial distributions of weeds at the fine scales are products both of their biology and local environment caused by cultivation, with interactions between species playing a minor role. Spatial analysis of such high-resolution imagery can reveal patterns that are not immediately evident from sampling at coarser scales and aid our understanding of how and why weeds aggregate in patches.

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“…In other crops such as wheat, QTLs underlying allelopathy and molecular markers were also identified [37]. Moreover, sorghum cultivars that differ in their ability to produce allelochemicals were reported, where some cultivars showed higher allelopathic effects with potential to use for trait improvement [38]. Other reports discussing the genetic mechanisms and the genetic diversity involved in allelopathy are available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathic Effects of Cereal Rye on Weed Suppression and Forage Yield in Alfalfa

Adhikari¹,

Mohseni-Moghadam²,

Missaoui³

2018

AJPS

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Cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) is widely used as cover crop because of its allelopathic effects and effectiveness in weed suppression. In the Southeastern US, rye is traditionally grown for winter grazing in dormant bermudagrass pastures, where alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is increasingly planted as a companion crop. The effect of cereal rye on alfalfa as a succeeding crop is not known. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of cereal rye on alfalfa seedling emergence, growth, forage yield, and weed suppression in field conditions. Rye was planted in the fall (mid-October) and the biomass was harvested in spring (March) followed by disking and incorporation of the remaining stubble in the soil. Alfalfa seed was planted four weeks later. The experiment design was a split-plot design with the main plots being no-rye and after-rye and the sub-plots being alfalfa cultivars. Ten alfalfa cultivars were planted in three replications after-rye and three replications with no-rye as a previous crop. In the establishment year, weed density was significantly (p < 0.01) lower in the after-rye alfalfa plots by nearly 77%. Alfalfa seedling counts were also significantly lower (p < 0.01) among the cultivars planted in the after-rye block compared to the no-rye, with a seedling count reduction between 35% and 64%. Reduction in total dry biomass yield varied from 15% to 43% among the cultivars planted in the after-rye block. The results of this study also suggest that the allelopathic effect of rye on alfalfa may not persist beyond the establishment season, but the enormous yield reduction in the first production season may constitute a costly economic penalty in terms of forage production. There was variation in the response of different alfalfa cultivars to the effect of rye residue as indicated by the variation in the magnitude of reduction in stand count and forage yield. This warrants more research in multi-location trials with and without rye in order to establish whether there is genetic variation in alfalfa germplasm in their tolerance to cereal rye allelopathy.

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Allelopathic Potential of Sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) in Weed Control: A Comprehensive Review

Cited by 53 publications

References 167 publications

Long‐term effect of fumigation and a sorghum cover crop on broadleaf and grass weeds in plastic‐mulched tomato

Long‐term effect of fumigation and a sorghum cover crop on broadleaf and grass weeds in plastic‐mulched tomato

Spatial Analysis of Digital Imagery of Weeds in a Maize Crop

Allelopathic Effects of Cereal Rye on Weed Suppression and Forage Yield in Alfalfa

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