“…The result of the present research was in accord with Padhy et al (2000), Herro and Callaway, 2003, Rassaeifar et al 2013, Manoj, (2014, Ghanuni et al, (2015), Joshi (2016 and, Li et al, in 2021, Abdalla et al, in 2021, Mushtaq et al, in 2020, Sikolia and Ayuma, in 2018, Nega and Gudeta, in 2019, Mandal et al, in 2018, Mishra, in 2018, Dafaallah et al, in 2019, Yakubu et al, in 2018, and Epee Missé, in 2019. They had reported a significant decrease in seed germination and seedling growth (root and shoot length and weight).…”