Allelopathic inhibition of phytoplankton by exudates from Stratiotes aloides

Mulderij, G.E.; Mooij, Wolf M.; Smolders, Alfons J. P.; Donk, Ellen Van

doi:10.1016/j.aquabot.2005.04.001

“…Jasser (1994) and Kö rner & Nicklisch (2002) showed similar results, but Mulderij et al (2005b) observed no significant differences in the sensitivity of cyanobacteria and green algae to allelopathic exudates from Stratiotes. Similar to Fitzgerald (1969), P-limitation of S. elongatus did not increase the sensitivity of this cyanobacterium to Stratiotes extracts, while P-limited S. obliquus cultures showed opposite effects, corresponding with the hypothesis that nutrient-stressed organisms are more susceptible to allelopathy (Reigosa et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Allelopathic activity of Stratiotes aloides on phytoplankton—towards identification of allelopathic substances

Mulderij¹,

Mau²,

Donk³

et al. 2007

Shallow Lakes in a Changing World

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The allelopathic activity of the aquatic macrophyte, Stratiotes aloides, was determined with laboratory experiments. Active compounds exuded in the medium or present in plant tissue were extracted using standard procedures and solid phase extraction (SPE). The activity towards various cyanobacteria and chlorophytes was tested in two different bioassay systems using agar plates and liquid cultures of phytoplankton. Extracts and exudates of S. aloides affected phytoplankton growth. SPE-enriched exudates and enriched water from a natural Stratiotes stand caused inhibition of target species, however, also some controls were active. Phytoplankton species exhibited differential sensitivity to extracts of S. aloides. We observed inhibitory and stimulatory effects on phytoplankton. In general, more cyanobacteria than other phytoplankton species were inhibited, and the inhibition of cyanobacteria was stronger. In most cases, nutrient (P or K) limitation of Synechococcus elongatus and Scenedesmus obliquus decreased the sensitivity of these species towards allelochemicals from Stratiotes aloides, except for P-limited cultures of Scenedesmus. The allelopathically active compound(s) from Stratiotes are moderately lipophilic and most likely no phenolic compounds. Our results indicate that allelopathy (besides nutrient interference and shading) might also account for the low phytoplankton and filamentous algae densities in the vicinity of Stratiotes plants, at least during certain phases of the life-cycle of Stratiotes.

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“…Recent laboratory experiments showed that exudates of Stratiotes inhibited the green alga Scenedesmus obliquus and induced colony formation in this alga (Mulderij et al, 2005a). Further, allelopathic effects of Stratiotes exudates on the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa and the eustigmatophyte Nannochloropsis limnetica were observed (Mulderij et al, 2005b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathic activity of Stratiotes aloides on phytoplankton—towards identification of allelopathic substances

Mulderij

¹

,

Mau

²

,

Donk

³

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The allelopathic activity of the aquatic macrophyte, Stratiotes aloides, was determined with laboratory experiments. Active compounds exuded in the medium or present in plant tissue were extracted using standard procedures and solid phase extraction (SPE). The activity towards various cyanobacteria and chlorophytes was tested in two different bioassay systems using agar plates and liquid cultures of phytoplankton. Extracts and exudates of S. aloides affected phytoplankton growth. SPE-enriched exudates and enriched water from a natural Stratiotes stand caused inhibition of target species, however, also some controls were active. Phytoplankton species exhibited differential sensitivity to extracts of S. aloides. We observed inhibitory and stimulatory effects on phytoplankton. In general, more cyanobacteria than other phytoplankton species were inhibited, and the inhibition of cyanobacteria was stronger. In most cases, nutrient (P or K) limitation of Synechococcus elongatus and Scenedesmus obliquus decreased the sensitivity of these species towards allelochemicals from Stratiotes aloides, except for P-limited cultures of Scenedesmus. The allelopathically active compound(s) from Stratiotes are moderately lipophilic and most likely no phenolic compounds. Our results indicate that allelopathy (besides nutrient interference and shading) might also account for the low phytoplankton and filamentous algae densities in the vicinity of Stratiotes plants, at least during certain phases of the life-cycle of Stratiotes.

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“…Xie et al (2005) demonstrated that the roots of submerged macrophytes absorb nutrients from sediment while the leaves absorb the nutrients from water. Mulderij et al (2005) showed that alleopathic substances secreted by the potentially invasive emergent Stratiotes aloides are able to decrease the growth of planktonic algae. Those findings are supported by the current results, showing that V. natans effectively reduces levels of TN and biomass of planktonic algae in the overlying water ( Figs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of snails, submerged plants and their coexistence on eutrophication in aquatic ecosystems

Mo

¹

,

Zhang

²

,

Tang

³

et al. 2017

Knowl. Manag. Aquat. Ecosyst.

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-Eutrophication resulting from nutrient loading to freshwater habitats is a severe problem, leading to degradation of ecosystems, including deterioration of water quality, water clarity and loss of biodiversity. Measures enacted to restore degraded freshwater ecosystems often involve the reintroduction of submerged plants and aquatic animals with beneficial ecological functions. In a mesocosm experiment, three treatments (planting with Vallisneria natans, introduction of the snail Bellamya aeruginosa and a combined treatment with both plants and snails) were compared with controls to evaluate their effects on trophic state. The total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations of planktonic and benthic algal samples were determined every two weeks, along with light intensity at the sediment surface. The plant-only treatment significantly reduced the TN levels and planktonic and benthic algal biomass and increased the light intensity at the sediment surface. The snail-only treatment reduced the concentrations of TN and reduced planktonic and benthic algal biomass. The combined treatment decreased the concentrations of TN and TP, reduced planktonic algal biomass and increased the light intensity on the sediment surface. The results indicate that while submerged plants and snails can both improve water quality, the most pronounced effect in aquatic ecosystems is achieved by their presence in combination. A combined reintroduction approach may provide enhanced benefits in restoring the eutrophic ecosystems, following the reduction of external nutrient loading.Keywords: submerged plant / snail / coexistence / planktonic algae / benthic algae Résumé -Effets des escargots, des plantes submergées et de leur coexistence sur l'eutrophisation dans les écosystèmes aquatiques. L'eutrophisation résultant de la charge nutritive dans les habitats d'eau douce est un problème grave, entraînant une dégradation des écosystèmes, y compris la détérioration de la qualité de l'eau, de la clarté de l'eau et la perte de biodiversité. Les mesures adoptées pour restaurer les écosystèmes d'eau douce dégradés impliquent souvent la réintroduction de plantes submergées et d'animaux aquatiques ayant des fonctions écologiques bénéfiques. Dans une expérience en mésocosme, trois traitements (plantation avec Vallisneria natans, introduction de l'escargot Bellamya aeruginosa et traitement combiné avec les plantes et les escargots) ont été comparés aux témoins pour évaluer leurs effets sur l'état trophique. Les concentrations d'azote total (TN), de phosphore total (TP) et de chlorophylle a (Chl a), des échantillons d'algues planctoniques et benthiques ont été déterminées toutes les deux semaines, ainsi que l'intensité de la lumière à la surface des sédiments. Le traitement aux plantes seules a réduit significativement les niveaux de TN et la biomasse d'algues planctoniques et benthiques et a augmenté l'intensité lumineuse à la surface des sédiments. Le traitement avec l'escargot seul a réduit les concentrati...

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Allelopathic inhibition of phytoplankton by exudates from Stratiotes aloides

Cited by 115 publications

References 23 publications

Allelopathic activity of Stratiotes aloides on phytoplankton—towards identification of allelopathic substances

Allelopathic activity of Stratiotes aloides on phytoplankton—towards identification of allelopathic substances

Allelopathic activity of Stratiotes aloides on phytoplankton—towards identification of allelopathic substances

Effects of snails, submerged plants and their coexistence on eutrophication in aquatic ecosystems

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