Allelopathic Effects of <i>Parthenium hysterophorus</i> Extracts on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of <i>Eragrostis tef</i>

Tefera, Tadele

doi:10.1046/j.1439-037x.2002.00564.x

Cited by 124 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Xuan et al (2004) have reported that foliar parts have more phytotoxicity because of greater biomass and metabolic activities. Tefera (2002) has reported that the germination of Eragrostis was more suppressed by the application of parthenium leaves and flower extracts as compared to stem and root extracts. Belz et al (2007) showed that parthenin isolated and purified from the aqueous extract of parthenium leaves under laboratory conditions was significantly phytotoxic, and reduced the germination and seedling growth of wheat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Parthenium is getting increasing significance as a noxious invasive weed. Despite the availability of the volumetric literature on the allelopathic potential of this weed (Mersie & Singh, 1988;Swaminathan et al, 1990;Tefera, 2002;Rashid et al, 2008;Aslam et al, 2014) and foregoing research, results are difficult to be generalized and…”

Section: Foram Registrados a Canola Pareceu Ser Mais Suscetível Do Qmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although native to tropical America (Picman & Picman, 1984), its infestation has remarkably increased during the last 20-30 years in both cropped and non-cropped areas in Pakistan (Marwat et al, 2008;Khaliq et al, 2015). It has been recognized as a serious weed responsible for loss of crop productivity, fodder scarcity, biodiversity depletion and adverse effects on animal and human health (Tefera, 2002;Singh et al, 2005;Javaid & Riaz, 2012). The rapid expansion and widespread distribution of this weed is a challenging threat to the productivity and sustainability of agro-ecosystems.…”

Section: Parthenium (Parthenium Hysterophorus)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytotoxic Activity of Parthenium Against Wheat and Canola Differ With Plant Parts and Bioassays Techniques

et al. 2016

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-Phytotoxic effects of invasive weed Parthenium hysterophorus were studied by using whole plant, leaf and root aqueous extracts at 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10% (w/v) concentrations against germination and early seedling growth of wheat and canola. Studies were carried out both in Petri plates with filter paper as substratum placed in controlled conditions and soil-filled plastic pots placed in open environments. Pronounced variation was noted for phytotoxic activity of different plant parts of parthenium, aqueous extract concentrations, test species, and bioassay techniques. Aqueous parthenium extracts either inhibited or delayed the germination and suppressed seedling growth of test species over control. For both test species, all the germination attributes were suppressed to a greater extent in Petri plates than in plastic pots. Leaf extracts were more suppressive to germination of test species than whole plant and root extracts. Increasing extract concentration beyond 2.5% caused significant reduction in seedling dry biomass of both test species. Aqueous parthenium extract diminished chlorophyll contents of wheat and canola by 32-63% and 29-69%, respectively. Nevertheless, an increase of 9-172% and 22-60% in phenolic contents of wheat and canola was recorded. Canola appeared to be more susceptible than wheat at all extract concentrations. Present study concluded that bioassays conducted under controlled condition using filter paper as substratum may be misleading due to over estimation of allelopathic response and variation in potential of receiver and donor species. Furthermore, it implies that threshold concentrations of allelochemicals for test species in Petri plates are rarely reached under field conditions. Keywords: allelopathic inhibition, aqueous extracts, bioassay techniques, germination dynamics, parthenium, phenolics, seedling growth. Palavras-chave: inibição alelopática, extratos aquosos, técnicas de bioensaios, dinâmica de germinação, parthenium, compostos fenólicos, crescimento de plântulas. RESUMO -Foram estudados os efeitos fitotóxicos da planta daninha invasora

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Foram Registrados a Canola Pareceu Ser Mais Suscetível Do Qmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Parthenium (Parthenium Hysterophorus)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytotoxic Activity of Parthenium Against Wheat and Canola Differ With Plant Parts and Bioassays Techniques

et al. 2016

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“…These results are correlated with the findings of Kanchan and Jayachandra (1979) which found the allelopathic potential of many weed species on various field crop species in India. Inhibitory effects of leaf leachates of P. hysterophorus, C. odorata, A.conyzoids, X. strumarium on germination and growth of various weeds and crops have been reported earlier (Datta and Bandopadhaya, 1981, Sugha, 1980, Tefera, 2002. This could occur only when some allelochemicals present in the leaf extract prevented growth of embryo or caused the death.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Seed germination responses of the medicinal herb Centella asiatica

Devkota

Jha

2010

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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The effect of several environmental factors on germination of medicinal herb Centella asiatica was investigated. Freshly harvested seeds of C. asiatica did not germinate even after gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) treatment and exposure to different treatments with light qualities, while two-three months old seeds exhibited germination (82%) without pre-treatment at warm environment (25 -30°C). GA 3 treatment induced germination by two weeks earlier than in control. Germination was significantly (p=0.001) higher in red and white light than in blue and far red light. In addition, germination of C. asiatica was sensitive towards the salt stress and was significantly inhibited at 6500 ppm NaCl. The leaf leachates from invasive weeds Chromolaena odorata, Ageratum conyzoides, Parthenium hysterophorus and Xanthium strumarium showed inhibitory effects on seed germination of C. asiatica. Parthenium hysterophorus had significant effect (p<0.001) on seed germination. These data contribute for the establishing of an efficient protocol for C. asiatica cultivation.

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“…For example, P. hysterophorus (parthenium) contains sesquiterpene lactones, an important group of compounds involved in allelopathy (Reinhardt et al 2004). Leaf extracts of this weed are apparently strongly phytotoxic to plants, inhibiting germination and affecting seedling development of several broadleaf and grass species (Adkins and Sowerby 1996;Tefera 2002) at concentrations ranging from 6 to 25% w/v. Reinhardt et al (2004) in sequestering parthenin from parthenium found trichomes harvested on both leaf surfaces contained almost 100% parthenin but stems and roots contained only trace amounts of the substance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does allelopathy explain the invasiveness of Campuloclinium macrocephalum (pompom weed) in the South African grassland biome?

et al. 2010

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Campuloclinium macrocephalum is an Asteraceous alien weed that invades roadside vegetation and grassland in South Africa. The role of allelopathy and competition in its invasiveness was investigated using Eragrostis curvula (weeping lovegrass, an indigenous grass), E. tef and Lactuca sativa (lettuce) as test species. Trials were conducted in Petri-dishes, pots and in the field. Root and shoot extracts of adult C. macrocephalum plants did not inhibit seed germination in any test species. The greatest effect was radicle stunting produced by leaf extracts at 10 and 25% w/v. Eragrostis curvula was less tolerant of the extracts than E. tef. Allelopathic effects could however not be confirmed in pot trials evaluating the interference potential of the weed or weed residue effects against E. curvula. E. curvula growth and biomass was not affected by plant densities of one or five C. macrocephalum per pot, whereas C. macrocephalum suffered a 17% mortality and density-dependant trade-offs of size and biomass for survival. Under field conditions C. macrocephalum had a broader ecological niche than E. curvula, invading hygrophilous and undisturbed grasslands not amenable for E. curvula establishment, this included well drained disturbed soils on which the latter proliferated. Evidence of competitive exclusion of E. curvula by C. macrocephalum or vice versa was not detected. The coexistence of both species irrespective of relative density suggested these species have different resource requirements. Allelopathy was not an adequate causal mechanism to explain invasiveness in Campuloclinium macrocephalum. A more traditional hypothesis such as the absence of natural enemies, at this stage, better justifies the weed's invasion success.

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Allelopathic Effects of Parthenium hysterophorus Extracts on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Eragrostis tef

Cited by 124 publications

References 10 publications

Phytotoxic Activity of Parthenium Against Wheat and Canola Differ With Plant Parts and Bioassays Techniques

Phytotoxic Activity of Parthenium Against Wheat and Canola Differ With Plant Parts and Bioassays Techniques

Seed germination responses of the medicinal herb Centella asiatica

Does allelopathy explain the invasiveness of Campuloclinium macrocephalum (pompom weed) in the South African grassland biome?

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