Allelopathic effects of Amaranthus retroflexus and Amaranthus cruentus extracts on germination of garden cress.

Mlakar, Silva Grobelnik; Jakop, M.; Bavec, Martina; Bavec, Franc

doi:10.5897/ajar11.1145

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Germination potential decreased for all cover crop species exposed to A. hybridus tea extract treatments. These results agree with those obtained for A. retroflexus leaf extracts on garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) [31] and maize (Zea mays L.) [32]. In our germination experiment, alfalfa and red clover were both negatively affected by increasing tea concentration.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Impacts of Smooth Pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus) on Cover Crops in Southern Ontario

2020

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Amaranthus hybridus is a noxious weed in Ontario, with demonstrated allelopathic properties that can lead to decreased agricultural production. We tested the germination and growth of five cover crop species exposed to A. hybridus extracts, and to dried or fresh materials in soil. A germination index was calculated, and the dry weight of plant organs were measured to quantify responses to treatments. All species had reduced germination (≤29%) in 100% extract. Trifolium pratense had significant root weight reductions in extract (52%) and dried (72%) treatments, whereas shoot weight only decreased (48%) in dried treatment. Medicago sativa shoot weight decreased (52%) in 20g fresh treatment, while root weight decreased (62%) in dried treatment. Shoot weight of Raphanus sativus increased (32%) at mid-extract concentrations, while root weight increased (33%) only with dried treatment; however, both its shoot and root weight decreased (>40%) in fresh treatment. Only the shoot weight of Lolium multiflorum increased (41% in 75% extract and 55% in dried treatment). Both Cichorium intybus shoot and root weights decreased (~50%) in fresh treatment. Crop responses to A. hybridus are complex, and material and species-dependant. Further testing in the field may provide a more comprehensive understanding of how to improve the management of A. hybridus.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Impacts of Smooth Pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus) on Cover Crops in Southern Ontario

2020

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“…However, the beneficial effect of the slender amaranth extract on RDM of NM plants was associated with a lower investment in SDM formation. Allelopathic responses associated with the use of aqueous extracts of Amaranthus retroflexus L. were also observed in plants of Lepidium sativum L. (Brassicaceae), a nonmycorrhizal species, which exhibited seedlings with a longer root and a greater quantity of total dry matter (shoot and root systems), when they were treated with stem or leaf extracts at 25 and 50% concentrations (Mlakar et al, 2012). In AM plants, decreases of the RDM production did not interfere in the development of the shoot system (Table 1), probably because of the benefits brought by mycorrhizae in the obtention of nutrients (Bagyaraj et al, 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Growth and mycorrhizal colonization of maize plants treated with aqueous extracts from nonmycorrhizal weeds

Melo

Carrenho

2017

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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-The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of aqueous extracts of nonmycorrhizal weedy species on dry matter accumulation and assimilate partitioning of maize plants, with or without Cetraspora pellucida inoculation. The experiment was carried out in pots, in a completely randomized design, in a 5x2 factorial arrangement consisting of four plant extracts (purple nutsedge, guinea-hen weed, slender amaranth, and knotweed), a control irrigated with water, and two conditions (mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal maize plants), with four replicates of each treatment. Plants were irrigated with aqueous extracts diluted at 15%. Root colonization (RC), shoot dry matter (SDM), root dry matter (RDM), and RDM/ SDM were evaluated. Root colonization was not influenced by the extracts, and ranged from 41.5 to 65.2%. Shoot dry matter of mycorrhizal (AM) and nonmycorrhizal (NM) plants was not influenced by the extracts; however RDM showed varying responses. Mycorrhization favored the production of RDM, and increased plant sensitiveness to the extracts. Guinea-hen weed extract increased RDM of AM plants, while the other extracts inhibited it. In NM plants, the production of RDM was benefited by slender amaranth extract, to the detriment of SDM. Mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal maize plants respond differently to aqueous extracts of nonmycorrhizal weeds.Index terms: Zea mays, Amaranthus viridis, Cyperus rotundus, Petiveria alliacea, Polygonum ferrugineum, allelopathy. Crescimento e colonização micorrízica de plantas de milho tratadas com extratos de plantas infestantes não micorrízicasResumo -O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a influência de extratos aquosos de plantas invasoras não micorrízicas sobre o acúmulo de matéria seca e sobre a partição de assimilados de plantas de milho com inoculação ou não de Cetraspora pellucida. O experimento foi conduzido em vasos, em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com arranjo fatorial 5x2 que consistiu de quatro extratos vegetais (tiririca, guiné, caruru, erva-de-bicho), um controle irrigado com água e duas condições (plantas de milho micorrizadas e não micorrizadas), com quatro repetições de cada tratamento. As plantas foram irrigadas com extratos aquosos diluídos a 15%. Avaliaram-se: a colonização radical (CR), a matéria seca da parte aérea (MSPA), a matéria seca das raízes (MSR) e MSR/MSPA. A colonização da raízes não foi influenciada pelos extratos, tendo variado de 41,5 a 65,2%. A matéria seca da parte aérea das plantas micorrizadas (MA) e não micorrizadas (NM) não foi influenciada pelos extratos; no entanto, a MSR teve resposta diferenciada. A micorrização favoreceu a produção de MSR e aumentou a sensibilidade das plantas aos extratos. O extrato de guiné aumentou a MSR das plantas MA, e os outros extratos a inibiram. Em plantas NM, a MSR foi beneficiada pelo extrato de caruru, em detrimento da MSPA. Plantas de milho micorrizadas e não micorrizadas respondem diferentemente aos extratos aquosos de plantas invasoras não micorrizadas.

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“…258 Aqueous extract of seeds had allelopathic effect on seedlings of garden cress (Lepidium sativum). 269…”

Section: Activity/property Major Findings/referencementioning

confidence: 99%

Amaranthaceae plants of Israel and Palestine: Medicinal activities and unique compounds

Azab¹

2020

ECB

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Allelopathic effects of Amaranthus retroflexus and Amaranthus cruentus extracts on germination of garden cress.

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Impacts of Smooth Pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus) on Cover Crops in Southern Ontario

Impacts of Smooth Pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus) on Cover Crops in Southern Ontario

Growth and mycorrhizal colonization of maize plants treated with aqueous extracts from nonmycorrhizal weeds

Amaranthaceae plants of Israel and Palestine: Medicinal activities and unique compounds

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