Allelopathic effect of some plants on morphological attributes of invasive alien weed: Malachra capitata (L.)L.

Vaishali, Ramgunde; Alka, Chaturvedi

doi:10.30574/gscbps.2019.6.2.0020

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…Increased inhibitory effects for extracts with higher concentration could be related to additional effects of the extract constituents that act in synergy with the isolated compound to boost potency [66], [67]. This study's findings of enhanced development of the fibrous root system of corn when treated with the lowest extract concentrates (i.e., 25%) is backed by previous reports of variability in the stimulation and inhibition of crop germination and growth when treated with leachates of other plants [68] and [69]. Allelochemicals can alter levels of plasma membrane-based hydrogen adenosine triphosphatase that are needed to initiate the electrochemical proton gradient and therefore engineer the ions and metabolites absorption and efflux through membrane plasma [70].…”

Section: Effects On Radicle and Plumule Growthsupporting

confidence: 61%

Allelopathic Potentiality of Euphorbia hypericifolia L. on Germination and Seedling Development of Sympatric Crops and Weeds

et al. 2021

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Euphorbia hypericifolia, a non-native herbaceous weedy plant was found to often form disproportionately dense, virtually monospecific stands in the Mount Bambouto Caldera, Cameroon. This observation is within the purview of allelopathy and is attributed to the release of botanicals by non native plants that harm naïve native flora, creating significant problems for agriculture and the environment. We investigated if the invasiveness of E. hypericifolia could be explained by its allelopathic potential at varying concentrations on five indicator plants. The results showed that the leaf, root and stem aqueous extracts of the plant exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the germination, radicle and plumule lengths of Biden pilosa, Amaranthus spinosus, Lactuca sativa, Zea mays and Lycopersicon esculentum at 100 % by 75.0, 69.4, 95.6, 28.0 and 97.2 %, respectively. The leaf extract was the most potent, while the stem extract was the least. The extract of E. hypericifolia was stimulatory (Lower concentrations) and inhibitory to the germination and growth of the test plants and its effect was concentration-dependent with the roots of target plants being more sensitive to the extracts than the plumule. L. esculentum was the most susceptible species to E. hypericifolia extracts while Z. mays was more tolerant than any of the tested plants. Results of total chlorophyll pigment accretion showed declining levels of chlorophyll detected in the leaves of tomato transplants cultivated in the augmented soils with rising dosage of the leaf residue of E. hypericifolia. B. pilosa planted on E. hypericifolia infested soil (EIS) showed very poor emergence recording only 7.5 % after 6 weeks as compared to 83.0 % in non E. hypericifolia infested soil (NIS). Qualitative phytochemical screening indicates E. hypericifolia is rich in secondary metabolites including alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, phenolics, tanins, Steriods and saponins. Acetone was the best extractant amongst the solvents used. This study has proven the allelopathic potential of E. hypericifolia and revealed some allelochemicals that may be exploited for the development of bioherbicides and plant growth promotion from natural products.

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Section: Effects On Radicle and Plumule Growthsupporting

confidence: 61%

Allelopathic Potentiality of Euphorbia hypericifolia L. on Germination and Seedling Development of Sympatric Crops and Weeds

et al. 2021

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“…This is because of the toxic effect of allelochemicals even in minor concentrations, as reported by Hassan et al (2012) and Sowiński et al (2020). Yield contributing parameters like spike length, spikelets per spike and 100-grain weight were insensitive to allelochemical leaf extract, but the reduction in yield was primarily due to a significant decrease in fertile tillers per plant and leaves per plant (Tunio et al 2018;Vaishali and Alka 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…A significant decrease in size and density of stomata was observed in lines 3094 and A2011 indicating more tolerance, because it regulates transpiration more easily (Hussain and Reigosa 2017). This will ensure the success of plants by lowering the transpiration rate (Zheng et al . 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelochemicals extract of star fruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) modulates wheat growth through alterations in anatomical architecture

Shah

Fatima²,

Hameed

et al. 2023

Crop & Pasture Science

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Context Allelopathy is recognised as a potential technology to control weeds, and could also be a suitable approach for enhancement of crop yield. Aims The study was conducted to investigate the allelopathic role of Averrhoa carambola leaf extract on growth, anatomical and physiological features of three wheat lines, namely 3094, 7076 and A2011. Methods Three dilutions i.e. 0% (control), 15% and 30% of the leaf aqueous extract were applied at 15 day intervals (total five applications) on wheat lines until maturity. Key results All wheat lines showed differential behaviour to allelochemicals of A. carambola leaf extract. Increased root area was accompanied by a high proportion of storage parenchyma tissues and enlarged vascular bundles in line 3094. Disintegration of root cortical parenchyma and complete transformation of chlorenchyma into sclerenchyma in stem was recorded in all wheat lines, particularly at the highest concentration of leaf extract. Line 7076 showed very different behaviour, as it possessed a proportionally enlarged root cortex, enlarged stem vascular bundles and increased leaf thickness, primarily at the highest concentration of leaf extract. Line A2011 was relatively more sensitive, indicating a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in root and stem area and deformed leaves. Conclusions A low concentration (15%) of leaf extract promoted growth and development, whereas a higher concentration caused significant reduction in growth and anatomical attributes. Implications A lower dose of Averrhoa leaf extract promoted growth and development in all wheat lines, and hence can be used as a growth promoter. A higher concentration is important for eradicating unwanted plants.

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“…murale aqueous extracts of different levels posed a negative effect on a number of leaves of barley. Ramgunde and Chaturvedi described a declining trend in the leaf area of M. capitata by application of leaf leachates of Ricinus communis and Vitex negundo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphoanatomical and Physiological Adaptations of Triticum aestivum L. against Allelopathic Extract of Trianthema portulacastrum L. (Horse purslane)

Shahid Hassan,

Naz,

Ali

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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Weed infestation can be harmful to crop growth and cause severe losses in yield by absorbing nutrients and releasing inhibitory secondary metabolites and thus needs to be controlled for food security. The use of synthetic herbicides is one of the most widely applied methods, but its frequent usage is a serious threat to health and the environment and develops resistance in weeds. Allelopathy is an eco-friendly bio-control method, and Trianthema portulacastrum extracts are known to be effective against various weeds in the crop of Triticum aestivum (wheat), but their effect on the main crop (wheat) is still unknown. The pot experiment was carried out, and various concentrations (30, 60, and 100%) of root and shoot extracts of T. portulacastrum and a synthetic herbicide (Metafin Super) along with control (distilled water) were applied to the wheat plants. Various morphological, physiological, and anatomical parameters were recorded under natural conditions. The objective of this study was to explore the allelopathic impact of T. portulacastrum compared to the synthetic herbicide on the growth of wheat. This study displayed that various growth characteristics of wheat were significantly affected at p ≤ 0.05 by root and shoot water extracts of T. portulacastrum but were less inhibitory as compared to the synthetic herbicide. This inhibition of the growth of wheat was coupled with a significant increase in total free amino acids, K ions, CAT (catalase), proline, epidermal and cortical thickness, and abaxial stomatal density. In addition, a reduction in growth parameters was correlated with a decrease in photosynthetic pigments. This study revealed that the use of T. portulacastrum extracts could be safer than synthetic herbicides for wheat plants and would be beneficial to control weeds in a wheat field.

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Allelopathic effect of some plants on morphological attributes of invasive alien weed: Malachra capitata (L.)L.

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Allelopathic Potentiality of Euphorbia hypericifolia L. on Germination and Seedling Development of Sympatric Crops and Weeds

Allelopathic Potentiality of Euphorbia hypericifolia L. on Germination and Seedling Development of Sympatric Crops and Weeds

Allelochemicals extract of star fruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) modulates wheat growth through alterations in anatomical architecture

Morphoanatomical and Physiological Adaptations of Triticum aestivum L. against Allelopathic Extract of Trianthema portulacastrum L. (Horse purslane)

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