Allelopathic activity of the aqueous extracts of Cladophora and Spirogyraon the germination and growth of three cultivars of bread wheat Triticum aestivum L.

Abstract

Since algae is one of the natural sources of chemical compounds, including nutrients, fats and vitamins, thatstimulate the germination and growth of plants, so the aim of the research was to study the effect of aqueous extracts of Cladophora and Spirogyra at a concentration of (0, 1, 2) % in the germination and growth of three cultivars of the bread wheat Triticum aestivum (Baraka, Buhooth-22 and Sham-6) through the application of the pots experiment. The results showed that the aqueous extract of the algae affected positive the assessed variables increase considerably as the concentration increased, and treatments at concentration (1 and 2%) had an encouraging effect on the germination and growth of plants of both cultivars Buhooth-22 and Baraka, while cultivar Sham-6 was less responsive to the extracts.

The Allelopathic Potential of some Lower Plants on Growth, and Yield of Wheat Plants

“…The increase in dry matter may be due to increased photosynthesis efficiency and nutrient content associated with higher levels of algae in the pots (Lürling et al, 2006). The highest records for ear weight were recorded when 1.5% of the dry parts of Cladophora glomerata were added to the soil (3.06 g) compared to control treatments (0.97 g nutrients in the soil [25]. The spike length and grains number per spike were at highest values (17.05cm and 40.50 grain spike -1 ) respectively when the soil incorporated with only 0.5 % of Cladophora glomerata, it's worth mentioning that there were no significant differences with other algae incorporation percentages, while the lowest values were (14.11 cm and 15.22 grain spike -1 ) in control pots.…”

“…Some species of Cladophora have also been found to harbor bacteria that can cause human health problems, such as gastrointestinal illness, when contaminated water is ingested or comes into contact with open wounds [9]. As such, Cladophora algae can have both positive and negative impacts on aquatic ecosystems and human health, and their management is an important consideration for maintaining healthy aquatic environments [10]. Seasonal variation of producing allelochemicals was reported by [11] when they studied the phenolic and pigment compounds in fresh water habitat.…”

“…was added to pot's soil (2.05g and 16.16cm) comparing to control treatments (1.50g and 14.11 cm). Research studies have shown that the application of algae as a fertilizer can lead to an increase in spike weight and length in certain plants due to increasing the availability of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient elements in soil [25]. Grains number per spike, grains weight, and thousand grains weight were at highest levels when treated with high proportions of Chara sp.…”