Allelochemicals inhibit the growth of subsequently replanted asparagus (<i>Asparagus officinalis</i>L.)

Yeasmin, Rumana; Motoki, Satoru; Yamamoto, Seiji; Nishihara, Eiji

doi:10.1080/01448765.2013.796570

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…For instance, autotoxicity of canopy trees on their own seedlings probably plays a role in forest species turnover along succession in Mediterranean forests [5]. Some autotoxic compounds released by asparagus (Asparagus officinalis) probably inhibit its own growth and can also be a reason for "asparagus decline" [21]. Phenolics released by the understory dwarf shrub Empetrum hermaphroditum impair the regeneration of the dominant tree Pinus sylvestris in boreal forests [22].…”

Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autotoxicity Hinders the Natural Regeneration of Cinnamomum migao H. W. Li in Southwest China

Huang

Jing-zhong

Liu

et al. 2019

Forests

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Autotoxicity is a widespread phenomenon in nature and is considered to be the main factor affecting new natural recruitment of plant populations, which was proven in many natural populations. Cinnamomum migao H. W. Li is an endemic medicinal woody plant species mainly distributed in Southwestern China and is defined as an endangered species by the Red Paper of Endangered Plants in China. The lack of seedlings is considered a key reason for population degeneration; however, no studies were conducted to explain its causes. C. migao contains substances with high allelopathic potential, such as terpenoids, phenolics, and flavonoids, and has strong allelopathic effects on other species. Therefore, we speculate that one of the reasons for C. migao seedling scarcity in the wild is that it exhibits autotoxic allelopathy. In this study, which was performed from the perspective of autotoxicity, we collected leaves, pericarp, seeds, and branches of the same population; we simulated the effects of decomposition and release of litter from these different anatomical parts of C. migao in the field; and we conducted 210-day control experiments on seedling growth, with different concentration gradients, using associated aqueous extracts. The results showed that the leaf aqueous extract (leafAE) significantly inhibited growth indicators and increased damage of the lipid structure of the cell membrane of seedlings, suggesting that autotoxicity from C. migao is a factor restraining seedling growth. The results of the analyses of soil properties showed that, compared with the other treatments, leafAE treatment inhibited soil enzyme activity and also had an impact on soil fungi. Although leafAE could promote soil fertility to some extent, it did not change the effect of autotoxic substances on seedling growth. We conclude that autotoxicity is the main obstacle inhibiting seedling growth and the factor restraining the natural regeneration of C. migao.

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Section: Plant Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autotoxicity Hinders the Natural Regeneration of Cinnamomum migao H. W. Li in Southwest China

Huang

Jing-zhong

Liu

et al. 2019

Forests

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“…The contamination by phenolic compounds not only comes from the rhizome exudates during the productive years of the plantation, but also from the asparagus residues incorporated into the asparagus cultivation soils Hazebroek et al, 1989 ; Yang et al, 1982 . Hence, flavonoids (mainly rutin) and caffeic acid, released to the soil from the fronds and roots of asparagus, may contribute to a great extension to the autotoxic effects of asparagus cultivation ( Hartung et al., 1990 ; Yeasmin et al., 2013 ; Noperi-Mosqueda et al, 2020 ). During the last years, many efforts have been made related to the improvement of cultivars that prevent the release of phytotoxic substances and to the control of soil pathogens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable valorization of co-products from asparagus cultivation by obtaining bioactive compounds

Alcaide,

Hamdi,

Guilleín-Bejarano

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Asparagus cultivation generates every year a significant amount of by-products that consist of root and frond. Leaving these residues on the fields after harvesting negatively affects the following asparagus crops, since they release autotoxic (allelopathic) substances into the soil, whose accumulation causes that asparagus yields gradually decrease over the years, becoming an unprofitable crop in a period of about 10 to 15 years. This phenomenon is known as decay and forces the entire asparagus plantation to be lifted (abandoned). On the other hand, once a certain plantation has been lifted, it is not profitable to immediately re-plant new asparagus plants, since the yields that are achieved are never more than half of normal ones. It is necessary to wait an average of 4 or 5 years before replanting asparagus in these lands. This phenomenon is known as the replanting problem, and causes the need to continually search for new land for growing asparagus. Another added problem for farmers is that the elimination of those plant residues from asparagus cultivation entails significant economic costs. For all these reasons, it is essential to seek alternatives for the management of that waste that improve the sustainability of the crop within the scope of the circular economy. In this context, this work proposes the valorization of asparagus by-products by obtaining bioactive compounds. Main objectives of the present work include: i) phytochemical analyses of asparagus fronds and roots; ii) obtaining bioactive extracts, with distinct technological and nutritional functionalities, by using an environmentally sustainable extraction process, easy to implement in the practice of a food industry and with methods compatible with food use. Characterization of asparagus by-products shown that fronds had an average flavonoid content of 2.637 ± 0.014 g/Kg fresh weight, which is up to 5-6 times higher than that of the spears; and roots contained up to 10 times more saponins (2.25 g/Kg fresh weight), which were accompanied by lower quantities of phenolic acids (368 mg/Kg fresh weight). Statistical analysis revealed that those phytochemical contents were mainly determined by location and phase of the vegetative cycle, whereas genetic factors did not significantly influence them. Based on the results of the present work, the proposal for the recovery and valorization of asparagus by-products is based on obtaining two bioactive extracts, the first being an antioxidant extract enriched in flavonoids, with an average yield of 10.7 g/Kg fresh frond and a flavonoid richness of 17%; and the second, a saponins extract with an average yield of 10.3 g/Kg fresh root and a richness of 51%. These natural extracts have great techno-functional potential in the agri-food industry and some of them are already being tested as additives in the preparation of soups, breads and meat products.

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“…Roots and rhizomes are usually dug out, cut mechanically and left on fields as they are considered just cultivation by-products. However, this agricultural practice causes other problems such as the dissemination of allelopathy [ 1 ], fungal infections and, finally, asparagus decay [ 2 ]. This by-product accounts for up to 30–40 Tm/ha and, taking into account that 1.6 Mha were intended for asparagus cultivation worldwide in 2019 [ 3 ], around 6.5 MTm asparagus roots are produced yearly, which becomes a great environmental challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asparagus Roots: From an Agricultural By-Product to a Valuable Source of Fructans

Viera

Hamdi

Guillén

et al. 2022

Foods

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Asparagus roots are by-products from asparagus cultivation and they could be considered one of the best sources of fructans. These polymers are interesting food ingredients for their prebiotic and immuno-stimulating characteristics. The aim of this work is to characterize the fructan profile from the roots of several asparagus varieties grown at different locations and pickled at three vegetative statuses in order to valorize these by-products as fructan source. Fructans were extracted with hot water and fractionated into three pools according to their molecular weight (MW). Their average MW was studied by HPSEC and their degree of polymerization by HPAEC. The fructan content was up to 12.5% on fresh weight basis, depending on variety and sampling date. The relative abundance of the three pools also depended on the picking moment as after the spear harvest period their total content and MW increased. The average MW of the three fractions was similar among varieties with 4.8, 8.4 and 9 sugar units, although fructans up to 30 units were identified by HPAEC. These characteristics make them similar to the commercialized Orafti®-GR inulin, a common additive to food products. Therefore, the concept of asparagus roots as cultivation waste must be changed to a new feedstock for sustainable agriculture and industry.

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Allelochemicals inhibit the growth of subsequently replanted asparagus (Asparagus officinalisL.)

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Autotoxicity Hinders the Natural Regeneration of Cinnamomum migao H. W. Li in Southwest China

Autotoxicity Hinders the Natural Regeneration of Cinnamomum migao H. W. Li in Southwest China

Sustainable valorization of co-products from asparagus cultivation by obtaining bioactive compounds

Asparagus Roots: From an Agricultural By-Product to a Valuable Source of Fructans

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