Allelic inhibition at the autosomally inherited gene locus for liver alcohol dehydrogenase in chicken-quail hybrids

Castro-Sierra, Eduardo; Ohno, Susumu

doi:10.1007/bf00491488

Cited by 74 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The disruption of regulatory mechanisms in hybrids is not unique to plants. The inhibition of the autosomally inherited gene for liver alcohol dehydrogenase has been noted in chicken-quail hybrids (23). An asynchronous activation of parental alleles at tissue-specific gene loci occurs in trout hybrids during early stages of development (24), and for some enzymes the maternal isozyme pattern may persist through these stages (25).…”

Section: And Vii)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Origin of Novel Flavonoids in Phlox Allotetraploids

Levy

Levin

1971

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The flavonoids of two diploid species of Phlox and two of their allotetraploid derivatives were characterized. The tetraploids accumulate five flavonoids not observed in the parental species. Generally, novel compounds are less highly glycosidated than, but otherwise similar to, parental compounds that they partially or totally replace. We propose that hybridity and polyploidy have repressed or suppressed the activity of certain ancestral genes responsible for the production of glycosidating enzymes. Accordingly, the novel compounds are merely the accumulated or modified precursors of parental compounds.

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Section: And Vii)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Origin of Novel Flavonoids in Phlox Allotetraploids

Levy

Levin

1971

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Differential allelic expression in birds was first observed in the 1960s when Castro-Sierra and Ohno (1968) and Ohno et al (1969) detected activation differences in alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) in the liver of embryos from crosses between Japanese quail females and chicken males. In this experiment, every hybrid chick expressed the maternal quail allele on the day of hatching.…”

Section: Allele Specific Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parent-of-origin specific QTL – a possibility towards understanding reciprocal effects in chicken and the origin of imprinting

Tuiskula-Haavisto¹,

Vilkki²

2007

Cytogenet Genome Res

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Reciprocal effects for sexual maturity, egg production, egg quality traits and viability are well known in poultry crosses. They have been used in an optimal way to form profitable production hybrids. These effects have been hypothesized to originate from sex-linked genes, maternal effects or a combination of both. However, these may not be the only explanations for reciprocal effects. Recent mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL) has revealed autosomal areas with parent-of-origin specific effects in the chicken. In mammals, parental imprinting, i.e. the specifically regulated expression of either maternal or paternal allele in the offspring, is the main cause of such effects. The most commonly accepted hypothesis for the origin of imprinting, the conflict hypothesis, assumes a genetic conflict of interest between the maternal and paternal genomes regarding the allocation of resources to the offspring. It also intrinsically implies that imprinting should not occur in oviparous taxa. However, new molecular genetic information has raised a need to review the possible involvement of imprinting or some related phenomena as a putative cause of reciprocal effects in poultry. Comparative mapping provides strong evidence for the conservation of orthologous imprinted gene clusters on chicken macrochromosomes. Furthermore, these gene clusters exhibit asynchronous DNA replication, an epigenetic mark specific for all imprinted regions. It has been proposed that these intrinsic chromosomal properties have been important for the evolution of imprinted gene expression in the mammalian lineage. Many of the mapped parent-of-origin specific QTL effects in chicken locate in or close to these conserved regions that show some of the basic features involved in monoallelic expression. If monoallelic expression in these regions would be observed in birds, the actual mechanism and cause may be different from the imprinting that evolved later in the mammalian lineage. In this review we discuss recent molecular genetic results that may provide tools for understanding of reciprocal differences in poultry breeding and the evolution of imprinting.

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“…Regardless of whether their genotypes were B/B, C/C, or B/C, liver ADH activity of 9-day-old embryos ranged from 1.0 to 2.0 m/tmole/mg protein, and upon electrophoresis, these extracts gave clear ADH bands. Subsequent gradual rise in liver ADH activity has already been described in a previous paper (Castro-Sierra and Ohno, 1968). All other tissues, including mesonephros and metanephros (true kidney), showed no ADH activity until hatching.…”

Section: Observations the Appearance Of Adh In Developmentmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…In the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnixjaponica), three alleles for A, B, and C electrophoretie variants of ADH were found at an autosomally inherited gene locus (Castro' Sierra and Ohno, 1968). In our previous study, electrophoresis was carried out at pH 8.7.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In development of interspecific hybrids, the appearance of the maternal gene products precedes that of the paternal products both at the loci of low tissue specificity such as the LDH A 2 locus in hybrid trouts (Hitzeroth et al, 1968) and at the loci of high tissue specificity such as the liver ADH locus in both hybrid trout (Hitzeroth et aL, 1968) and chicken-quail hybrids (Castro-Sierra and Ohno, 1968).…”

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confidence: 99%

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