Allantoin-induced changes of microbial diversity and community in rice soil

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) may release allantoin into paddy soil. Currently, little attention has been paid to the effects of allantoin on soil microbial diversity and community. In this study, the diversity indices for the microbial community in rice soil and the allantoin-induced shifts in the microbial community composition across moisture regimes versus incubation times were examined by looking at phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) profiles and PCRdenaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) patterns. The total PLFA concentration increased with the amount of allantoin applied during incubation. A similar trend occurred for microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and pH. Furthermore, applying allantoin resulted in an increased ratio of anaerobe: aerobe and bacteria: fungi but decreased the ratio of Gramnegative bacteria: Gram-positive bacteria (GN: GP) and fungal marker 18:2ω6,9c under flooded rice soil. A stepwise discriminant analysis of the PLFA pattern clearly separated allantoin-treated samples from nontreated samples. There was also a clear split between different incubation times. Moisture treatments differed in the ratios of anaerobe: aerobe and GN: GP but showed similar trends in total PLFA concentrations and the bacteria: fungi ratio during incubation. These results suggest that application of allantoin stimulates shifts in microbial community composition and increases microbial diversity as well as living microbial biomass in rice soil.

Allantoin accumulation through overexpression ofureide permease1improves rice growth under limited nitrogen conditions

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Allelochemical-mediated soil microbial community in long-term monospecific Chinese fir forest plantations

“…Furthermore, cyclic dipeptide had a quite fast degradation in a given plantation soil. Frequently bioactive substances provided over a long term at low concentrations can have powerful effects (Wang et al, 2010). So even if fast degradation, an effect would be still expected because cyclic dipeptide can be continuously delivered by into the soil.…”

Reproduction allocation and potential mechanism of individual allelopathic rice plants in the presence of competing barnyardgrass

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