Allantoin improves histopathological evaluations in a rat model of gastritis

Abstract

Purpose Gastritis is found to be one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases worldwide. However, current therapeutic agents cause side effects, interaction, and recurrence. Allantoin has anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties. In this study, the therapeutic effect of allantoin has been assessed on the histopathological indices and gastric mucosal barrier of male rats. Methods Male rats were equally divided into control, ethanol-induced gastritis, and allantoin groups. The therapeutic groups consisted of gastritis plus 12.5 mg/kg allantoin, gastritis plus 25 mg/kg allantoin, and gastritis plus 50 mg/kg allantoin groups. After 5 days of allantoin administration, the rats were sacrificed and a part of their gastric tissue was maintained at −70 °C for prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and non-protein sulfhydryl (NP-SH) measurements. Another part was stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Masson’s trichrome. Results We found that Allantoin increased parietal and mucosal cell counts and mucosal thickness after gastritis induction. In addition, the number of leukocytes and vessels decreased in both of the mucosal and the submucosal layers. Allatoin improved gastric ulcer in all treatment groups. Gastric levels of PGE2 and NP-SH increased after allantoin treatment. Conclusion This study indicated that allantoin had a considerable effect on gastritis treatment, which seems to result from the reinforcement of gastric mucosal barrier.

Formulation, optimization and characterization of allantoin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles to alleviate ethanol-induced gastric ulcer: in-vitro and in-vivo studies

“…1) ((2,5-Dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl) urea) is a biologically active phytochemical extracted from the roots of Symphytum officinale (comfrey) native to Europe 6 . It possesses wound healing and tissue regeneration activities, besides renowned anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, pain reducing and gastroprotective effects that have been proved using a diversity of in vitro assay methods, in vivo animal models as well as clinical studies [7][8][9][10][11][12] .…”

Lactulose Improves Neurological Outcomes by Repressing Harmful Bacteria and Regulating Inflammatory Reactions in Mice After Stroke

“…Studies have found that uric acid therapy is effective for ischemic stroke treatment ( Kand’ár et al., 2006 ; Llull et al., 2015 ). However, no stroke-related study has shown that allantoin has a similar effect to uric acid, but allantoin therapy has been used to treat other diseases, such as gastric ulcers ( da Silva et al., 2018 ) and gastritis ( Eslami-Farsani et al., 2018 ), which may offer a novel therapeutic opportunity for stroke. Therefore, further study is urgently needed.…”

Allantoin from Valuable Romanian Animal and Plant Sources with Promising Anti-Inflammatory Activity as a Nutricosmetic Ingredient

“…As a result of cellular metabolism, allantoin is found in a variety of organisms, from bacteria and plants, to invertebrates and vertebrates. The main therapeutic effects of allantoin (Figure 1) are stimulation of cell growth, regeneration of tissues and rebuilding of the granulation tissue [2][3][4][5][6][7]. Nutricosmetics are considered natural ingredients and products that act as nutritional supplements for the care of the beauty of hair, nails and skin, new innovative products being launched worldwide every year [4].…”

“…The mechanism of action involves stimulating fibroblast proliferation, elastin and collagen synthesis and the inhibition of the migration of inflammatory cells to the injury [11]. Recent studies have shown that allantoin has a beneficial effect in the treatment of gastritis [6], and it has also antihypertensive properties [12]. With a metformin-like chemical structure [13], both being guanidine derivatives, is has been proved that allantoin has a hypoglycemic effect [14].…”