All-Russian Scientific and Methodological Conference «Problems of Engineering Geometry» and the Seminar «Geometry and Graphics» 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop an algorithm for solving educational computational and graphic work from a cycle of constructive tasks of engineering and construction design (construction graphics) by computer geometric modeling in the environment of the domestic nanoCAD program. Algorithmization of the solution of the problem was carried out on the example of a training task from the cycle of graphic works in the course "Engineering and computer graphics", which is performed by students in the first semester and is the basis for solving problems of engineering and construction design. It is shown that the use of computer geometric modeling methods by means of modern software products makes it possible to speed up the process of solving a problem, simplify the calculation of the necessary data and visualize the results, which together contribute to an increase in the didactic effect and mastering the learning competencies necessary in future professional activities. Computer geometric modeling contributes to the understanding of the principles of modern information technologies, and also instills the skills to use them to solve more complex educational problems and tasks of future professional activity. Thus, the application of the proposed algorithm of computer geometric modeling in solving educational and applied problems within the framework of the training course "Engineering and Computer Graphics" in the preparation of students of engineering and construction profile, as well as in the performance of research and design activities is appropriate.

Solving Educational and Applied Engineering and Construction Problems by Computer Graphics Methods

Verhoturova

2023

The Use of Descriptive Geometry Methods for Graphical Study of the Parameters of the Cutting Part of a Spiral Drill

Paliy

2023

The article presents examples of practical application of descriptive geometry methods for solving engineering problems of determining and studying the parameters of the cutting part of a spiral drill. The necessity of graphical constructions is noted, which is due to the fact that it is impossible to measure the rear angle by a direct measurement method using a universal measuring instrument due to the complex geometric shape of the measuring object. The analysis of the geometric shape of the working part of the spiral drill, which includes the main rear conical surface of the drill tooth, the front screw surface of the drill groove, the cylindrical surface of the tooth back, the main and transverse cutting edges are presented. Using the double contact theorem, a projection of the tooth profile of a spiral drill is constructed on a plane parallel to the drill axis with a given profile projection on a plane perpendicular to the drill axis. The tooth profile is determined by the lines of intersection of the conical surface with the cylindrical surface and with the helical surface of the drill groove. The shape of the drill groove is considered to be set. Projections of the transverse cutting edge of the drill are constructed as lines of intersection of two conical surfaces with intersecting axes. The problem is solved using a bundle of auxiliary planes. The tendency of an increase in the angle of inclination of the transverse cutting edge to the drill axis with a decrease in the distance between the intersecting axes of conical surfaces is shown. Graphically, at an arbitrary point of the drill blade, the value of one of the main geometric parameters of the drill - the rear angle is determined. It is shown that the closer the point of the blade is to the center of the drill, the greater the value of the rear angle. The constructions are made in the 2D Compass-Graph design system. The paper used alternative methods for solving geometric problems, which, unlike traditional ones, provide a simpler and more visual graphical solution.

Frame-By-Frame Animation in Teaching Descriptive Geometry

Paliy

2023

The paper presents using of frame-by-frame animation of geometric constructions in the course "Descriptive Geometry" to present educational graphic material in a more accessible and visual form for students. Electronic support of descriptive geometry classes used at the Department of Engineering Graphics at Bauman Moscow State Technical University made in the technique of frame-by-frame animation in the format of presentations and electronic text publications is presented. The technique of creating frame-by-frame animation is described. Geometric constructions are performed using computer graphics systems, in layers; each layer contains one step of construction. When layers are showed on alternately, a number of graphic files are created, which are inserted in a certain sequence on presentation slides or on the pages of an electronic text publication. During the demonstration, a visualization of the course of geometric constructions is created on the screen. Teachers when giving lectures and practical classes use electronic support of classes, made in the format of presentations to demonstrate the course material on the screen in the classroom. The presentations contain graphic material in the technique of frame-by-frame animation and minimal text material; the teacher gives the necessary explanations. Electronic support of classes, made in the form of an electronic educational visual aid, is used for independent work of students. Unlike classroom presentations, in an electronic educational visual aid, the animation of geometric constructions is accompanied by a text step-by-step description of the sequence of solving geometric problems. The main advantage of using electronic training software made in frame-by-frame animation technology compared to traditional software is the visibility and the ability to consistently, step by step, understanding the course of graphic constructions, with the ability to go back and repeat the sequence at any stage.