“…The mostly investigated MWC methods use the following techniques: four-wave mixing (FWM) [8,9], cross-phase modulation (XPM) [3][4][5], cross-gain modulation (XGM) [6,7], cross-absorption modulation (XAM) [10], and fast nonlinear polarization switching (NPS) [11]. Among these, XPM multi-wavelength converters (MWCRs) based on a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA)-Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) excel the others by offering a great combination of advantages: satisfactory and leveled conversion efficiency across wide conversion bandwidth featured by the SOA gain spectra, simultaneous conversion of a considerable number of channels, wavelength flexibility, high operation speed, supporting both RZ and NRZ data format, power economical, commercial product availability, compactness, and integration potential.…”