2022
DOI: 10.1063/5.0072799
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All-optical microwave feedback oscillator with atomic cell resonator

Abstract: We report the demonstration of an all-optical self-sustained cell-based microwave feedback oscillator. In this scheme, a microwave resonance, optically induced in a buffer-gas filled vapor cell resonator through coherent population trapping (CPT), is detected by a fast photodiode, amplified, and used to drive back, through a frequency divider, a Mach–Zehnder electro-optic modulator in a sustaining loop configuration. The total gain and phase of the system was measured in an open-loop configuration with a netwo… Show more

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Cited by 3 publications
(2 citation statements)
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“…This degradation was probably due to temperature variations of the complete setup but also to the fact that the EOM bias point and laser power were not actively stabilized. Short-term stability results reported here are about two orders of magnitude worse than those of state-of-the-art CPT based atomic clocks [10,11,13], using a standard optical transmission detection scheme, and comparable to those predicted from phase noise performances of a self-sustained cell-based microwave feedback oscillator [27]. With the present microwave phase detection scheme, the main challenge will be to reduce the setup residual phase noise.…”
Section: Short-term Stability Testsmentioning
confidence: 57%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…This degradation was probably due to temperature variations of the complete setup but also to the fact that the EOM bias point and laser power were not actively stabilized. Short-term stability results reported here are about two orders of magnitude worse than those of state-of-the-art CPT based atomic clocks [10,11,13], using a standard optical transmission detection scheme, and comparable to those predicted from phase noise performances of a self-sustained cell-based microwave feedback oscillator [27]. With the present microwave phase detection scheme, the main challenge will be to reduce the setup residual phase noise.…”
Section: Short-term Stability Testsmentioning
confidence: 57%
“…In other studies, placing the atomic cell in an electromagnetic cavity can produce an oscillating magnetization responsible for a coherent signal emission observed at the atomic ground state hyperfine transition frequency [8]. Also, the direct detection of microwaves generated through stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) [23], electromagnetically-induced transparency (EIT) or CPT towards the construction of cell-based optoelectronic oscillators [23][24][25][26][27], has been reported. In this paper, we investigate an alternative method for detection of CPT resonance in a Cs vapor cell using a microwave phase A dual-frequency optical field is generated by the combination of a distributed-feedback (DFB) laser and an external fibered Mach-Zehnder electro-optic modulator (EOM).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%