All-Optical Measurements of the Verdet Constant in Achiral and Chiral Liquids: Toward All-Optical Magnetic Spectroscopies

Abstract

Magneto-optical effects are attracting wide interest and are found in various applications, including magnetic field sensors, optical modulators, isolators, and switches. In this work, we have revisited the all-optical inverse Faraday effect (IFE) method to measure the Faraday rotation angle and determine the Verdet constant of diamagnetic/paramagnetic liquids and solutions. We show that by using a tunable picosecond laser source the generated IFE enables one to reach magnetic flux densities in liquids in the range of 1–100 T, levels that are comparable to or higher than pulsed magnetic fields obtained using electromagnets. This all-optical method with no pump–probe scheme has the advantage that it requires small volumes (<100 μL) and enables in situ, fast, and efficient static measurements. We further show that it is possible to determine the Verdet constant of solutes in binary dilute solutions and demonstrate that the Verdet constants of chiral molecules exhibit significant enantiomeric differences.

Simplified quantum chemistry methods to evaluate non‐linear optical properties of large systems

“…Furthermore, properties involving the magnetic moment operator will be explored, an area that remains untouched by most sQC implementations. The evaluation of magneto‐optical properties such as the Faraday effect, 212 HRS optical activity, … 213 will be implemented.…”

Hyper-Rayleigh Scattering and Third-Harmonic Scattering in Chiral Liquids: Basic Evidences and Differences with Linear Chiroptical Techniques

“…A similar situation occurs in the Faraday effect, an equivalent second-order magneto-optic process, but a down-conversion one that implies a static magnetic field in the absorption process (normal Faraday effect) or in the emission process (inverse Faraday effect). 33 Let us now detail what are the consequences of that new mixed linear optical (LO) chiral/NLO achiral and chiral source term for HROA and THOA. The HROA intensity is given by the autocorrelation function (time fluctuation) of the second-order induced dipole moment μ eff (2ω) (t):…”

“…However, we do expect to have chiral and achiral NLO contributions from the second part (∇× μ ( nω ) ), even from dipole magnetic contributions ( eem for HROA and eeem for THOA). A similar situation occurs in the Faraday effect, an equivalent second-order magneto-optic process, but a down-conversion one that implies a static magnetic field in the absorption process (normal Faraday effect) or in the emission process (inverse Faraday effect) . Let us now detail what are the consequences of that new mixed linear optical (LO) chiral/NLO achiral and chiral source term for HROA and THOA.…”