“…It is done by the encoding of transmitted optical signals to serve as a protection from malicious attacks. There have been several promising techniques proposed for the encryption of the data in the optical domain, such as using statistically chaotic optical carriers, applying optical code division multiple access (OCDMA), or using encryption based on quantum key distribution (QKD) [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This method belongs in the optical spectrum processing category considered earlier [13,14]. In this paper, we propose, optimize, and verify the use of the schemes based on cryptographic keys on spectral slices for the encryption of the M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) formats, with bit rates ranging from 40 gigabits per second (Gbps) to 200 Gbps.…”
There has been an increased interest in enhancing the security of optical communications systems and networks. All-optical cryptography methods have been considered as an alternative to electronic data encryption. In this paper we propose and verify the use of a novel all-optical scheme based on cryptographic keys applied on the spectral signal for encryption of the M-QAM modulated data with bit rates of up to 200 gigabits per second.
“…It is done by the encoding of transmitted optical signals to serve as a protection from malicious attacks. There have been several promising techniques proposed for the encryption of the data in the optical domain, such as using statistically chaotic optical carriers, applying optical code division multiple access (OCDMA), or using encryption based on quantum key distribution (QKD) [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This method belongs in the optical spectrum processing category considered earlier [13,14]. In this paper, we propose, optimize, and verify the use of the schemes based on cryptographic keys on spectral slices for the encryption of the M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (M-QAM) formats, with bit rates ranging from 40 gigabits per second (Gbps) to 200 Gbps.…”
There has been an increased interest in enhancing the security of optical communications systems and networks. All-optical cryptography methods have been considered as an alternative to electronic data encryption. In this paper we propose and verify the use of a novel all-optical scheme based on cryptographic keys applied on the spectral signal for encryption of the M-QAM modulated data with bit rates of up to 200 gigabits per second.
“…An interesting strategy to embed signal in a noisy and dispersion induced channel to perform optical steganography was considered in [5]. In [6][7][8], our group considered a scheme where dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM)-compatible signals are split into several narrow spectral slices which, in turn, receive different attenuations and delays. After this, all spectral slices are coupled to form a new encoded signal.…”
Section: I-introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In our previous investigations [6][7][8], we considered that the spectral slices were generated by optical band-pass filters (OBPF) with ideal rectangular-shaped transfer functions. However, the use of practical filter profiles, with round transfer functions, will affect the performance of AONSSE.…”
Section: I-introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In this work, we address this issue and investigate some OBPF physical requirements that are necessary for providing a good quality to signals encoded and decoded by AONSSE. We also substitute the attenuation cyphering used in [6][7][8] by a phase encoding. Such feature improves the AONSSE security because phase changes may not be detected by intruders who perform an spectral analysis of the encoded signal.…”
Recent literature points out the benefits of encrypting signals in the physical layer to improve network security. In particular, a novel all-optical encryption approach uses narrowband optical band-pass filters (OBPF) to split a dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM)-compatible signal into several spectral slices which, then, have their physical properties, such as phase and delay, altered; as a result, after multiplexing all slices, an encoded version of the input signal is obtained. The performance of such technique was previously evaluated by assuming that all OBPFs are characterized by ideal rectangular-shaped transfer functions. In this work, we investigate how such performance is affected by the utilization of practical OBPFs with super-Gaussian profiles. Simulation results indicate that there is a trade-off between the filter bandwidth and filter order that may allow for encrypted signals to be properly decoded even after propagation distances up to 400 km, which is typical metropolitan area network distance. Figure 6 -Performance of the BER of decoded signal as a function of propagation distance 978-1-4799-3743-
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