All‐Inorganic Perovskite Polymer–Ceramics for Flexible and Refreshable X‐Ray Imaging

Abstract

Halide perovskites are an emerging scintillator material for X-ray imaging. High-quality X-ray imaging generally requires high spatial resolution and long operation lifetime, especially for targeted objects with irregular shapes. Herein, a perovskite "polymer-ceramics" scintillator, in which the halide perovskite nanocrystals are grown inside a pre-solidified polymer structure with high viscosity (6 × 10 12 cP), is designed to construct flexible and refreshable X-ray imaging. A nucleation inhibition strategy is proposed to prevent the agglomeration and Ostwald ripening of perovskite crystals during the subsequent precipitation process, enabling a high-quality polymer-ceramics scintillator with high transparency. This scintillator-based detector achieves a detection limit of 120 nGy s -1 and a spatial resolution of 12.5 lp mm -1 . Interestingly, due to the anchoring effect of the exfoliated atoms provided by the polymer matrix, the scintillator film can be refreshed after a long duration (≥3 h) and high dose (8 mGy s -1 ) irradiation. More importantly, this inherent characteristic overcomes the long operation lifetime issue of perovskites-based scintillators. Hence, the authors' exploration of the polymer-ceramics scintillator paves the way for the development of flexible and durable perovskite scintillators that can be produced at a low operation cost.

High-efficiency luminescent organic–inorganic hybrid manganese(ii) halides applied to X-ray imaging

“…Based on this, we further assess the efficiency of scintillator to convert high-energy X-ray into visible photons. Herein, we selected the commercially available scintillator LuAG:Ce with a known light yield of 22 AE 4 photons per keV as a standard reference to quantify the steady-state X-ray to visible light conversion efficiencies of CP1-CP5, [36][37][38] which can be measured by the ratio of the total number of photons emitted by CP1-CP5 to the reference commercial scintillator LuAG:Ce at the equivalent absorbed X-ray energy. As shown in Fig.…”

Realizing Simultaneous X‐Ray Imaging and Dosimetry Using Phosphor‐Based Detectors with High Memory Stability and Convenient Readout Process

“…The spatial resolution achieved in Ba 2 SiO 4 :Eubased detectors is comparable to that of some commercial X-ray storage phosphor-based detectors (CsBr:Eu 2+ ), [31] organometallic perovskites-based detectors (CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 ), [18] and lead-free halide perovskite-based detectors ((C 8 H 20 N) 2 MnBr 4 ), [68] but not comparable to that of halide perovskite nanocrystalline or quantum dots-based detectors (CsPbBr 3 quantum dots and CsPbBr 3 nanocrystals). [10,17,69,70] It should be mentioned that the spatial resolution can be further optimized by decreasing the grain size of Ba 2 SiO 4 :Eu or tailoring the refractive index matching between the active material and the polymer. [31] A capsule containing a metal spring and a microchip were used for the imaging demonstration (see Figure 5d,e).…”

Stable Single‐Mode Lasing from a Hybrid Perovskite–Polymer Fiber

“…This is attributed to the interaction between the C-O-C bond and Lewis's acid Pb 2+ in the PMMA matrix. [16][17][18] Figure 2d fits the decay time of the samples by a single-exponential curve. It is calculated that the corresponding decay time is about 83.6 ns.…”