All-in-one flexible supercapacitor with ultrastable performance under extreme load

Abstract

Fiber-type solid-state supercapacitors are being widely investigated as stable power supply for next-generation wearable and flexible electronics. Integrating both high charge storage capability and superior mechanical properties into one fiber is crucial to realize fiber-type solid-state supercapacitors. In this study, we design a "jeweled necklace"-like hybrid composite fiber comprising double-walled carbon nanotube yarn and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). Subsequent heat treatment transforms MOFs into MOF-derived carbon (MDC), thereby maximizing energy storage capability while retaining the superior mechanical properties. The hybrid fibers with tunable properties, including thickness and MDC loading amount, exhibit a high energy density of 7.54 milliwatt-hour per cubic centimeter at a power density of 190.94 milliwatt per cubic centimeter. The mechanical robustness of the hybrid fibers allows them to operate under various mechanical deformation conditions. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the resulting superstrong fiber delivers sufficient power to switch on light-emitting diodes by itself while suspending 10-kilogram weight.

Bimetallic electronic effects of Mn-doped Ni-MOF shuttle-like nanosheets remarkably enhance the supercapacitive performance

“…4,5 As an innovative type of electrochemical energy storage device between traditional capacitors and batteries, supercapacitors (SCs) have attracted great interest due to their advantages of fast charge and discharge, high specific power, and outstanding cycling stability. [5][6][7] However, SCs still suffer from low specific energy, which is unable to respond to the growing demands of practical electronics and hybrid vehicles. 8 Therefore, a possible way to obtain high specific energy of SCs without compromising specific power is to assemble well-matched HSCs comprising of one EDLC-type electrode and battery-type electrode.…”

Flexible solid-state hybrid supercapacitors for the internet of everything (IoE)

“…9(e)). 144 The MOF beads were thermally converted into microporous MOF-derived carbons, thereby maximizing energy storage capability, that is a high energy density of 7.54 mW cm −3 at a power density of 190.94 mW cm −3 . The enhanced interfacial interaction between DWNTY and MOF by diazotization and ligand selection also contributed to the mechanical robustness of the FSHSC that can support a weight loading of 10 kg.…”

“…The various composites for flexible solid-state electrodes used in the FSHSCs are listed in Table 1. 85,138–142,144–146,149–152,155,159–169 Although different yarn- and sheet-type FSHSCs described above have expanded our portfolio of these devices for wearable devices, the interdigitated micro-structure FSHSCs will become the EES of the future miniaturized, flexible, and wearable electronic devices. These are discussed in detail in the next section.…”

Flexible Ti3C2Tx/Carbon Nanotubes/CuS Film Electrodes Based on a Dual-Structural Design for High-Performance All-Solid-State Supercapacitors

“…Solid-state power sources, such as all-solid-state batteries and supercapacitors (SCs), have been widely recognized as having a higher energy density and being mechanically more flexible and stable than classic liquid electrolyte batteries and supercapacitors. 1−6 The incorporation of solid-state batteries and SCs in modern electronics thus has been ubiquitously seen in wearable and portable electronics, 7,8 electronic skins, 9 flexible displays and sensors, 10 light-emitting diodes (LEDs), 11 photovoltaics, 12 and implantable biomedical products. 13 Compared to batteries, SCs are well-known to be lightweight devices with a high power density and long circling life, making them more amenable for broad applications in flexible electronics.…”

“…Solid-state power sources, such as all-solid-state batteries and supercapacitors (SCs), have been widely recognized as having a higher energy density and being mechanically more flexible and stable than classic liquid electrolyte batteries and supercapacitors. − The incorporation of solid-state batteries and SCs in modern electronics thus has been ubiquitously seen in wearable and portable electronics, , electronic skins, flexible displays and sensors, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), photovoltaics, and implantable biomedical products . Compared to batteries, SCs are well-known to be lightweight devices with a high power density and long circling life, making them more amenable for broad applications in flexible electronics. − The fabrication of flexible SCs usually involves the deposition of bendable freestanding films assembled from two-dimensional (2D) colloidal materials that possess a high specific surface area and adequate flexibility endowed by their few-atom-thick-layer characteristics. − Particularly, a new and unique family of graphene-like 2D transition-metal carbides/nitrides and carbonitrides, named as MXene, has shown great promise to produce high-performance SC electrodes thanks to their superior metallic conductivity and tunable functional surfaces that offer further improvement of pesudocapacitance. − ,− Among dozens of MXenes synthesized, Ti 3 C 2 T x is the predominant choice of electrode materials for flexible SCs in pursuing high energy density and power density owing to its high proton accessibility and sufficient redox-active sites.…”