All hands on deck: Large-scale (re)sculpting of cortical circuits in post-resection children

Maallo, Anne Margarette S.; Granovetter, Michael; Freud, Erez; Kästner, Sabine; Pinsk, Mark A.; Patterson, Christina; Behrmann, Marlene

doi:10.1101/2020.07.01.183400

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(60 reference statements)

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“…The current results are consistent with findings from children with more circumscribed resections: children with VOTC resections not only evince co-existent neural representations for words and faces in the unresected hemisphere, but also demonstrate typical visuoperceptual profiles (Liu et al, 2019, 2018). Furthermore, post-operative changes in functional connectivity in the intact hemisphere of pediatric VOTC resection patients may reflect both plasticity and competition for representation of multiple visual categories (Maallo et al, 2020). But in these relatively focal resection cases, residual ipsilesional tissue also shows some neural responsivity indicating that post-surgical performance may be a result of changes within the resected hemisphere (Liu et al, 2019, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

With Childhood Hemispherectomy, One Hemisphere Can Support--But is Suboptimal for--Word and Face Recognition

Granovetter

Ettensohn

Behrmann

2020

Preprint

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The left and right cerebral hemispheres are important for word and face recognition, respectively—a specialization that emerges over human development. But children who have undergone a hemispherectomy develop with only one hemisphere. The question is whether this preserved hemisphere, be it left or right, can support both word and face recognition. Here, a large sample of patients with childhood hemispherectomy and age-matched controls performed word- and face-matching tasks. Controls viewed stimuli either in one visual field (restricting initial processing to one hemisphere) or, like the patients, in central vision. Across word and face tasks, patients performed comparably to controls using primarily one hemisphere, but more poorly than controls viewing stimuli centrally with both hemispheres engaged. Additionally, patients showed deficits in low-level visual processing that may explain their word/face recognition deficits relative to controls. Altogether, the findings suggest that either hemisphere alone can support word and face recognition, albeit sub-optimally.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

With Childhood Hemispherectomy, One Hemisphere Can Support--But is Suboptimal for--Word and Face Recognition

Granovetter

Ettensohn

Behrmann

2020

Preprint

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“…As FreeSurfer often does not accurately segment hemispherectomy/hemispherotomy/hemidecortication brains, for these cases, the intact hemisphere was mirrored using affine/non-linear transformations robust to aberrations, and only the preserved hemisphere was analysed. 21,22 Morphometric measures from the preserved hemisphere of patients and each hemisphere of controls were as follows: (i) total GM, WM, and LV volumes; (ii) cortical morphometry for 34 regions, parcellated according to the Desikan-Killiany atlas; 23,24 and (iii) nine subcortical structures' volumes. 25,26 We did not normalize CxT (as in Westman et al 27 ), but did so for CSA by dividing by the mean CSA of all of regions in that hemisphere, and for CV as the percentage of total hemisphere volume (sum of GM, WM, and LV volumes).…”

Section: Outcome Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometrics of the preserved post-surgical hemisphere in pediatric drug-resistant epilepsy

Granovetter,

Maallo,

Patterson

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Characterisation of the postoperative structural integrity of cortex in adults who have undergone cortical resection surgery for the management of epilepsy has yielded mixed findings. In some cases, patients show persistent or accelerated cortical atrophy, while in others, atrophy decelerates or even reverses. Whether this variability applies as well to a paediatric population, for whom postoperative plasticity may be greater, remains to be determined. In this case-control study, high resolution structural T1 MRI data were acquired from 32 patients with childhood epilepsy surgery and 51 non-neurological matched controls. Using enhanced automated segmentation capabilities of FreeSurfer Software Suite, we quantified morphometrics of the preserved hemisphere at the level of gross anatomy (lateral ventricle size, volume of grey matter and white matter). Additionally, cortical thickness, volume, and surface area were measured for 34 cortical regions segmented based on the Desikan-Killiany atlas, and, last, volumes of nine subcortical regions were also measured. Morphometry comparisons were made between patients' preserved hemisphere be it left (LH) or right (RH) against the corresponding hemisphere of age-matched, typically developing controls; and then the two patients groups (LH versus RH) were compared. Patient groups had larger ventricles and reduced total white matter volume relative to controls, and only patients with a preserved RH, but not patients with a preserved LH, had reduced total grey matter volume relative to controls. Furthermore, patients with a preserved RH had lower cortical thickness and cortical volume and significantly greater cortical surface area of several cortical regions, relative to controls. Patients with a preserved LH had largely no differences in thickness, volume, or area, of any of the 34 cortical regions, relative to controls. Moreover, both LH and RH patients showed reduced volumes in select subcortical structures, relative to controls. That left-sided, but not right-sided, resection is associated with more pronounced reduction in cortical thickness and volume and increased cortical surface area relative to typically developing, age-matched controls suggests that the preserved RH undergoes plastic processes to an extent not observed in cases of right-sided paediatric resection. Given the importance of understanding outcomes following surgery to the LH versus RH, the post-operative characterisation of morphometrics noted here provides a foundation for future work to understand differences in plasticity as a function of the side preserved post-resection. Future work probing the association of the current findings with neuropsychological outcomes will be necessary to understand the implications of these structural findings for clinical practice.

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Differential functional reorganization of ventral and dorsal visual pathways following childhood hemispherectomy

Ayzenberg,

Granovetter,

Robert

et al. 2023

Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience

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All hands on deck: Large-scale (re)sculpting of cortical circuits in post-resection children

Cited by 4 publications

References 47 publications

With Childhood Hemispherectomy, One Hemisphere Can Support--But is Suboptimal for--Word and Face Recognition

With Childhood Hemispherectomy, One Hemisphere Can Support--But is Suboptimal for--Word and Face Recognition

Morphometrics of the preserved post-surgical hemisphere in pediatric drug-resistant epilepsy

Differential functional reorganization of ventral and dorsal visual pathways following childhood hemispherectomy

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