All-fibre heterogeneously-integrated frequency comb generation using silicon core fibre

Sohanpal, Ronit; Ren, Huihui; Shen, Li; Deakin, Callum; Heidt, Alexander M.; Hawkins, Thomas; Ballato, John; Gibson, Ursula J.; Peacock, Anna C.; Liu, Zhixin

doi:10.1038/s41467-022-31637-1

Cited by 28 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…1d). The cascaded wave mixing leads to a series of sidebands, as in the case of OFC [37][38][39] . More specifically, due to its interplay with optomechanical coupling, the sidebands induced by the wave mixing can be combined with the phonon-lasing harmonics, thus leading to the coherent AFC with more comb teeth and smaller spacing.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband nonlinear phonon-laser frequency comb

Xiao,

Feng,

Kuang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Optical frequency combs have received increasing attention, thanks to their fundamental importance in optical computing, communication, sensing and metrology. Recently, thermal phonon counterparts of frequency combs have shown ~102 comb teeth and ~103 teeth spacing, and limited to the high-frequency range over 100 kHz. In contrast, we report the first truly coherent acoustic frequency comb (AFC), with simultaneous giant enhancements in comb teeth number and teeth spacing, reaching the record teeth number of 10^4, covering six orders of magnitude in frequency; thus enabling a wide range of typical applications as force sensing, deep-sea monitoring or biomedical ultrasonics. In such a single device, two kinds of nonlinear couplings can emerge, i.e., the gain-assisted light-motion coupling and the mechanical wave mixing, the interplay of which can be flexibly tuned by rotating the angle of the membrane. Therefore, a single device could achieve a coherent switch from the multi-color phonon lasing regime to the coherent AFC regime, with almost perfectly uniform comb teeth. This work presents the first example merging phonon lasers and AFCs, and can stimulate more efforts on making and operating high-quality coherent AFC chips for diverse applications, by using phonon lasers already achieved in such diverse systems as membranes, levitated spheres, photonic crystals, semiconductor lattices, and cold ions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadband nonlinear phonon-laser frequency comb

Xiao,

Feng,

Kuang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…More recently, by extending the fiber lengths, we have also observed Raman amplification using a low power CW pump (see Fig. 1(b) [46]) and an allfiber integrated telecom band comb source suitable for applications such as dense wavelength division multiplexing [48]. As well as offering excellent performance metrics such as high gain, high output powers, and broad spectral coverage, the ability to integrate the silicon fibers with existing fiber infrastructures [42] can significantly improve the robustness and practicality of silicon photonic systems.…”

Section: Nonlinear Semiconductor Fiber Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fifteen years of nonlinear semiconductor optical fibers: a review of past, present, and future

Ballato,

Peacock

2024

Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion: Materials and Devices XXIII

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First reported in 2006 and scaled to long and practical lengths in 2008, semiconductor core optical fibers have matured from basic material and fiber fabrication explorations to a diverse range of practical applications. The ability to bring many on-chip optoelectronic functions inside an optical fiber offers many benefits. This paper begins with a brief historical review of semiconductor fibers, the principal fiber fabrication approaches employed, and the range of material system realized. From there, the nonlinear properties and approaches to their optimization will be discussed along with a range of nonlinear in-fiber devices that have been reported in both telecom and mid-infrared spectral regions. Lastly, ongoing challenges and musings on future semiconductor fiber materials, devices, and performance will be made leveraging their significant benefits in terms of their flexibility, power handling, wavelength coverage, and general ease of use over competing fiber and on-chip platforms.

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“…While the glass-clad semiconductor fibres are favoured for optical use 43 , it is challenging to form well defined interfaces between insulators, semiconductors and conductors for in-fibre optoelectronic devices, mainly owing to the limited control on the viscosities of these materials at high processing temperatures 44 . Moreover, the mechanical properties of the glass-clad fibre are compromised, because of the use of glasses.…”

Section: Optoelectronic Fibresmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-quality semiconductor fibres via mechanical design

Wang,

et al. 2024

Nature

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Recent breakthroughs in fibre technology have enabled the assembly of functional materials with intimate interfaces into a single fibre with specific geometries1–11, delivering diverse functionalities over a large area, for example, serving as sensors, actuators, energy harvesting and storage, display, and healthcare apparatus12–17. As semiconductors are the critical component that governs device performance, the selection, control and engineering of semiconductors inside fibres are the key pathways to enabling high-performance functional fibres. However, owing to stress development and capillary instability in the high-yield fibre thermal drawing, both cracks and deformations in the semiconductor cores considerably affect the performance of these fibres. Here we report a mechanical design to achieve ultralong, fracture-free and perturbation-free semiconductor fibres, guided by a study on stress development and capillary instability at three stages of the fibre formation: the viscous flow, the core crystallization and the subsequent cooling stage. Then, the exposed semiconductor wires can be integrated into a single flexible fibre with well-defined interfaces with metal electrodes, thereby achieving optoelectronic fibres and large-scale optoelectronic fabrics. This work provides fundamental insights into extreme mechanics and fluid dynamics with geometries that are inaccessible in traditional platforms, essentially addressing the increasing demand for flexible and wearable optoelectronics.

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All-fibre heterogeneously-integrated frequency comb generation using silicon core fibre

Cited by 28 publications

References 58 publications

Broadband nonlinear phonon-laser frequency comb

Broadband nonlinear phonon-laser frequency comb

Fifteen years of nonlinear semiconductor optical fibers: a review of past, present, and future

High-quality semiconductor fibres via mechanical design

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