All-Fiber Laser Curvature Sensor Using an In-Fiber Modal Interferometer Based on a Double Clad Fiber and a Multimode Fiber Structure

Álvarez-Tamayo, R. I.; Durán-Sánchez, M.; Prieto-Cortés, Patricia; Salceda-Delgado, G.; Castillo-Guzman, A.; Selvas-Aguilar, R.; Ibarra-Escamilla, B.; Kuzin, E. A.

doi:10.3390/s17122744

Cited by 17 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Detailed information and discussion about fiber laser gyroscopes can be found in [69,134,135]. Another parameter widely studied for fiber laser sensors are curvature-bending fiber laser sensors; most of the fiber laser configurations previously described can be employed for curvature detection [35,36,60,136,137]. The fiber laser sensors offer the possibility to detect a magnetic field without a special magnetic fluid [46].…”

Section: Fiber Laser Sensors For Other Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber Laser Sensor Configurations for Refractive Index, Temperature and Strain: A Review

et al. 2023

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Fiber laser sensors have been present for almost four decades as versatile sensing devices with a simple demodulation process, high sensitivity, and competitive resolution. This work discusses the most representative fiber laser sensor configurations employed for detecting critical parameters such as temperature, refractive index, and strain. However, essential information about other interesting parameters that have been measured is considered in this manuscript. Concurrently, the sensing elements and principle operation are described. Furthermore, these configurations are analyzed in terms of their principle of operation, sensitivity, gain medium, and wavelength operation range. According to the literature reviewed, fiber laser sensors offer the possibility of new interrogation techniques and simultaneous, independent detection. Considering interferometric fiber sensors, the fiber laser sensors offer high brightness, good output power, and high resolution. As a result, it is demonstrated that fiber laser sensors are a robust alternative for multiple sensing applications.

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Section: Fiber Laser Sensors For Other Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber Laser Sensor Configurations for Refractive Index, Temperature and Strain: A Review

et al. 2023

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“…Favorably, an efficient approach to move the wavelength emission of optical fiber lasers, while exhibiting simplicity and easy manipulation, have been utilized. This approach is based on the adjustment of the cavity losses by deforming an intra-cavity filter in the laser structure either by bending [30,31], compressing and tensioning [26,32,33] the filter structure.…”

Section: Laser Physicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wavelength switching and tuning of fiber lasers by using a modifiable intra-cavity filter based on a modal Michelson interferometer

et al. 2019

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An experimental study of the switching and tuning of optical fiber ring lasers is presented. The laser wavelength switching and tuning are based on the modifiable wavelength dependent losses of a modal Michelson interferometer, which is composed by a bi-conical fiber taper spliced with a single-mode fiber piece. The wavelength dependent losses of the interferometer are inserted in a ring cavity laser to allow wavelength selection of laser wavelength peaks which induce preferences to generate laser emissions. By altering the interferometer geometrical dimensions, such as the single mode fiber piece length, and the curvature of the interferometer structure, the cavity losses can be adjusted to control the number of output laser wavelength peaks and also to cause wavelength shift of the output laser peaks, respectively. A maxim number of wavelength peaks of 13, and a maximum wavelength tuning by displacement-curvature of ∼2.3 nm mm −1 were obtained with maximum OSNR values of around 50 dBm.

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“…For these reported approaches, the interrogation method is the determination of the free spectral range (FSR) variation as a function of the measured variable. Then, the adjustable FSR can be an attractive characteristic of the FBLI for its use as a spectral filter in different applications including tunable and multi-wavelength fiber lasers [ 18 , 19 ] and, potentially, for optical sensors with different interrogation methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refractive Index Fiber Laser Sensor by Using a Fiber Ball Lens Interferometer with Adjustable Free Spectral Range

Álvarez-Tamayo

Prieto-Cortés

2023

Sensors

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In this work, a fiber laser refractometer based on a fiber ball lens (FBL) interferometer is proposed. The linear cavity erbium-doped fiber laser uses an FBL structure acting as a spectral filter and sensing element for determining the RI of a liquid medium surrounding the fiber. The optical interrogation of the sensor is the wavelength displacement of the generated laser line as a function of the RI variations. For the proposed FBL interferometric filter, the free spectral range of its wavelength-modulated reflection spectrum is adjusted to maximum in order to obtain RI measurements in a range of 1.3939 to 1.4237 RIU, from laser wavelength displacements in a range from 1532.72 to 1565.76 nm. The obtained results show that the wavelength of the generated laser line is a linear function of the RI variations on the medium surrounding the FBL with a sensitivity of 1130.28 nm/RIU. The reliability of the proposed fiber laser RI sensor is analytically and experimentally investigated.

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All-Fiber Laser Curvature Sensor Using an In-Fiber Modal Interferometer Based on a Double Clad Fiber and a Multimode Fiber Structure

Cited by 17 publications

References 24 publications

Fiber Laser Sensor Configurations for Refractive Index, Temperature and Strain: A Review

Fiber Laser Sensor Configurations for Refractive Index, Temperature and Strain: A Review

Wavelength switching and tuning of fiber lasers by using a modifiable intra-cavity filter based on a modal Michelson interferometer

Refractive Index Fiber Laser Sensor by Using a Fiber Ball Lens Interferometer with Adjustable Free Spectral Range

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