All-angle left-handed negative refraction in Kagomé and honeycomb lattice photonic crystals

Gajić, Radoš; Meisels, R.; Kuchar, F.; Hingerl, Kurt

doi:10.1103/physrevb.73.165310

Cited by 63 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These so-called photonic-bandgap fibers operate through bandgap effects of photonic crystals 11,12 , which occur because of periodic microstructuring of the dielectric in the cladding region. Photonic crystals have been studied extensively for their bandgap 1 and special in-band dispersion effects such as negative refraction 13 . However, another really interesting feature of photonic crystals is the Dirac points that appear at corners of the Brillouin zone [14][15][16][17] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber guiding at the Dirac frequency beyond photonic bandgaps

et al. 2015

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Light trapping within waveguides is a key practice of modern optics, both scientifically and technologically. Photonic crystal fibers traditionally rely on total internal reflection (index-guiding fibers) or a photonic bandgap (photonic-bandgap fibers) to achieve field confinement. Here, we report the discovery of a new light trapping within fibers by the so-called Dirac point of photonic band structures. Our analysis reveals that the Dirac point can establish suppression of radiation losses and consequently a novel guided mode for propagation in photonic crystal fibers. What is known as the Dirac point is a conical singularity of a photonic band structure where wave motion obeys the famous Dirac equation. We find the unexpected phenomenon of wave localization at this point beyond photonic bandgaps. This guiding relies on the Dirac point rather than total internal reflection or photonic bandgaps, thus providing a sort of advancement in conceptual understanding over the traditional fiber guiding. The result presented here demonstrates the discovery of a new type of photonic crystal fibers, with unique characteristics that could lead to new applications in fiber sensors and lasers. The Dirac equation is a special symbol of relativistic quantum mechanics. Because of the similarity between band structures of a solid and a photonic crystal, the discovery of the Dirac-point-induced wave trapping in photonic crystals could provide novel insights into many relativistic quantum effects of the transport phenomena of photons, phonons, and electrons.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fiber guiding at the Dirac frequency beyond photonic bandgaps

et al. 2015

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“…As a result, more complicated band structures appear. We demonstrated that both lattices (rods in air) had all-angle left-handed refraction for the TM2 band [16] where both effective indices, n peff (x, h i ) = sgn(v gr AE k PhC ) AE cjk PhC j/x = ±k PhC /k air and n beam (x, h i ) = sin(h i )/sin(h r ) (x, h i , and h r are the frequency, incident and, refracted angle, respectively) are close to À1. In Fig.…”

Section: Archimedean Lattice Photonic Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 95%

2D photonic crystals on the Archimedean lattices (tribute to Johannes Kepler (1571–1630))

et al. 2008

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Results of our research on 2D Archemedean lattice photonic crystals are presented. This involves the calculations of the band structures, band-gap maps, equifrequency contours and FDTD simulations of electromagnetic propagation through the structures as well as an experimental verification of negative refraction at microwaves. The band-gap dependence on dielectric contrast is established both for dielectric rods in air and air-holes in dielectric materials. A special emphasis is placed on possibilities of negative refraction and left-handedness in these structures. Together with the familiar Archimedean lattices like square, triangular, honeycomb and Kagome' ones, we consider also, the less known, (3 2 , 4, 3, 4) (ladybug) and (3, 4, 6, 4) (honeycomb-ring) structures.

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“…Earlier experimental and theoretical studies of the PCs have focused on photonic band gaps and several appropriate devices have already been developed [3]. But in the recent years, the studies have revealed that the photonic bands show unusual dispersion properties, which make them sources of several attractive effects [4,5] such as negative refraction and left handedness [6][7][8], super-prism [9], slow light [10] and SC [2,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] effects. Among these, the SC in PCs provides a brand new way of confining light propagation, which is different from conventional PC waveguides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An approach to achieve all-angle, polarization-insensitive and broad-band self-collimation in 2D square-lattice photonic crystals

Noori¹,

Soroosh²,

Baghban³

2015

Ukr. J. Phys. Opt.

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Abstract. We have investigated the possibility for achieving (in the same structure), an all-angle, polarization-insensitive and broad-band self-collimation (SC), one of the most urgent requirements in the field of optical integration. To obtain these attractive SC features in 2D square-array photonic crystals, we have used several strategies and performed testing calculations, using plane-wave expansion and finite-difference time-domain methods. We have not complicated the basic structure for the SC and ensured its simple geometry. The all-angle SC can arise when the optical material of a hole-type structure is high-index. Our results have testified that the SC in the hole-type structure is less dependent on the light polarization, if compared with a similar rod-type one. Our optimized SC structure has a bandwidth of Δf/f c = 2.61% and supports the all-angle SC for both TE and TM polarizations at the expense of small (~ 3) deviation of light from the unique collimation direction. Notice that the latter can be tolerated in many integrated optical devices.

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All-angle left-handed negative refraction in Kagomé and honeycomb lattice photonic crystals

Cited by 63 publications

References 29 publications

Fiber guiding at the Dirac frequency beyond photonic bandgaps

Fiber guiding at the Dirac frequency beyond photonic bandgaps

2D photonic crystals on the Archimedean lattices (tribute to Johannes Kepler (1571–1630))

An approach to achieve all-angle, polarization-insensitive and broad-band self-collimation in 2D square-lattice photonic crystals

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