Alkenone-based reconstructions reveal four-phase Holocene temperature evolution for High Arctic Svalbard

Bilt, Willem van der; D'Andrea, W. J.; Bakke, Jostein; Balascio, Nicholas L.; Werner, Johannes; Gjerde, Marthe; Bradley, Raymond S.

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.10.006

Cited by 42 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…yr. BP, however, temperatures dropped dramatically and stayed more or less stable until 4400 cal. yr. BP (van der Bilt et al, 2018a). This coincide with, and could support, cool and hence drier conditions as inferred from the reduction in Bilt et al (2015), at Hajern (Mitrahalvøya), is plotted using purple and black lines, respectively.…”

Section: Warm and Wet Early-and Dry Mid-holocenesupporting

confidence: 66%

Reconstructing Holocene Glacier and Climate Fluctuations From Lake Sediments in Vårfluesjøen, Northern Spitsbergen

et al. 2018

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A process-based understanding of lacustrine deposited sediments in Arctic lakes is essential to set the present warming and hydroclimatic shift into perspective. From such a perspective, we can enhance our understanding of the natural climate variability in the Arctic. Here, we present work from the northern coast of Spitsbergen in which we unravel the sediment sequence from a distal glacier-fed lake, Vårfluesjøen. Utilizing recent methodological and technological developments, we base our interpretation on new tools that better visualize and characterize the sediments cores. High-resolution X-ray Computed Tomography (X-ray CT) is used to visualize the lake sediments and quantify the sand-sized particles found in the 210 Pb-and radiocarbon-dated sediments, together with a multi-proxy approach including measurement of their physical, geochemical, and magnetic properties. Our findings suggest that Vårfluesjøen (6 m a.s

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Section: Warm and Wet Early-and Dry Mid-holocenesupporting

confidence: 66%

Reconstructing Holocene Glacier and Climate Fluctuations From Lake Sediments in Vårfluesjøen, Northern Spitsbergen

et al. 2018

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“…9), which is usually connected to retreating oceanic fronts and/or decreasing AW influence along with the associated productivity drop ( Slubowska et al 2005;Rasmussen et al 2012). In lake sediments from northwestern Spitsbergen a temperature drop of~6°C is recorded between c. 7.8 and c. 7 ka, which has been connected to a stronger influence of Arctic Water and expanding sea ice (van der Bilt et al 2018). increased synchronously with percentages of E. clavatum.…”

Section: Late Holocenementioning

confidence: 98%

Wahlenbergfjord, eastern Svalbard: a glacier‐surrounded fjord reflecting regional hydrographic variability during the Holocene?

Bartels

Titschack

Fahl

et al. 2018

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Exceptionally high sedimentation rates in Arctic fjords provide the possibility to reconstruct environmental conditions in high temporal resolution during the (pre-)Holocene. The unique geographical location of Svalbard at the intersection of Arctic and Atlantic waters offers the opportunity to estimate local (mainly glacier-related) vs. regional (hydrographic) variabilities. Sedimentological, micropalaeontological and geochemical data from the very remote, glacier-surrounded Wahlenbergfjord in eastern Svalbard provides information on glacier dynamics, palaeoceanographic and sea-ice conditions during the Holocene. The present study illustrates a high meltwater discharge during the summer insolation maximum (c. 11.3-7.7 ka) when the intrusion of upwelled relatively warm Atlantic-derived waters led to an almost open fjord situation with reduced sea ice in summer. Around 7.7 ka, a rapid hydrographic shift occurred: the dominance of inflowing Atlantic-derived waters was replaced by a stronger influence of Arctic Water reflecting regional palaeoceanographic conditions evident in the benthic foraminiferal fauna also at Svalbard's margins. Neoglacial conditions characterized the late Holocene (c. 3.1-0.2 ka), when glaciers probably advanced as cold atmospheric temperatures were decoupled from the advection of relatively warm intermediate waters probably caused by an extending sea-ice coverage. Accordingly, our data show that even a remote, glacier-proximal study site reflects rapid as well as longer-term regional changes.

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“…ka BP, extensive regions of the marinebased sectors of the SBIS collapsed, resulting in a retreat of the northwestern margin from the shelf to positions inside the modern coastline of Svalbard Hormes et al 2013). ka BP van der Bilt et al 2018) while a recent review of thermophilous molluscs suggests early warm conditions with peak warming (6°C greater than at present) from 10.2-9.2 cal. The Holocene Thermal Optimum (HTO) is characterized by the migration and presence of warm water molluscs and foraminifera to waters around Svalbard between 11.2-5.5 cal.…”

Section: Lateglacial-early Holocene Conditions and Glacier Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1A; site 17) have been interpreted to represent a valley glacier advance between 10.6-10.4 cal. Van der Bilt et al (2015) suggest a Holocene (glacial) maximum between 9.6-9.5 cal. 6; Lønne 2005).…”

Section: Lateglacial-early Holocene Conditions and Glacier Depositsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a review of the deglaciation of Svalbard, Hormes et al (2013) suggested that one of the key research questions still remaining is whether there is any evidence of YD climatic cooling seen in Svalbard. Additionally, a couple of early Holocene glacier re-advances (following deglaciation) have been inferred from stratigraphical data of geological sections (Lønne 2005) or lake sediments (van der Bilt et al 2015). Additionally, a couple of early Holocene glacier re-advances (following deglaciation) have been inferred from stratigraphical data of geological sections (Lønne 2005) or lake sediments (van der Bilt et al 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Svalbard glaciers re‐advanced during the Pleistocene–Holocene transition

Farnsworth

Inǵólfsson

Retelle

et al. 2018

Boreas

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Despite warming regional conditions and our general understanding of the deglaciation, a variety of data suggest glaciers re-advanced on Svalbard during the Lateglacial-early Holocene (LGEH). We present the first well-dated end moraine formed during the LGEH in De Geerbukta, NE Spitsbergen. This landform was deposited by an outlet glacier re-advancing into a fjord extending 4.4 km beyond the late Holocene (LH) maximum. Comparing the timing of the De Geerbukta glacier re-advance to a synthesis of existing data including four palaeoclimate records and 15 other proposed glacier advances from Svalbard does not suggest any clear synchronicity in glacial and climatic events. Furthermore, we introduce six additional locations where glacier moraines have been wave-washed or cut by postglacial raised marine shorelines, suggesting the landforms were deposited before or during high relative sea-level stands, thus exhibiting a similar LGEH age. Contrary to current understanding, our new evidence suggests that the LGEH glaciers were more dynamic, exhibited re-advances and extended well beyond the extensively studied LH glacial expansion. Given the widespread occurrence of the LGEH glacier deposits on Svalbard, we suggest that the culmination of the Neoglacial advances during the Little Ice Age does not mark the maximum extent of most Svalbard glaciers since deglaciation; it is just the most studied and most visible in the geological record.

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Alkenone-based reconstructions reveal four-phase Holocene temperature evolution for High Arctic Svalbard

Cited by 42 publications

References 78 publications

Reconstructing Holocene Glacier and Climate Fluctuations From Lake Sediments in Vårfluesjøen, Northern Spitsbergen

Reconstructing Holocene Glacier and Climate Fluctuations From Lake Sediments in Vårfluesjøen, Northern Spitsbergen

Wahlenbergfjord, eastern Svalbard: a glacier‐surrounded fjord reflecting regional hydrographic variability during the Holocene?

Svalbard glaciers re‐advanced during the Pleistocene–Holocene transition

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