Alkaline phosphatase levels and osteoprogenitor cell numbers suggest bone formation may contribute to peak bone density differences between two inbred strains of mice

Dimai, Hans-Peter; Linkhart, Thomas A.; Linkhart, Susan G.; Donahue, Leah-Rae; Beamer, Wesley G.; Rosen, Clifford J.; Farley, John R.; Baylink, David J.

doi:10.1016/s8756-3282(97)00268-8

Cited by 100 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Using these scales, we examined the influences of NaF on the osteoblasts and osteoclasts with ALP and TRAP as markers because, in mammals, the effects of hormones and some bioactive substances on osteoblasts and osteoclasts have been investigated using ALP and TRAP as respective markers (Vaes, 1988;Dimai et al, 1998;Suda et al, 1999). These scales were incubated for 6 hours in Leibovitz's L-15 medium (Invitrogen, Grand Island, NY, USA) containing a 1% penicillin-streptomycin mixture (ICN Biomedicals, Inc., OH, USA) supplemented with NaF (10 -7 , 10 -6 , and 10 -5 M).…”

Section: Effects Of Naf On Scale Osteoblastic and Osteoclastic Activimentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium fluoride induces hypercalcemia resulting from the upregulation of both osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities in goldfish, Carassius auratus

Sato

Hanmoto

Yachiguchi

et al. 2016

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology &

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The influence of sodium fluoride (NaF) on calcium metabolism was examined in goldfish (fresh water teleost). At 2 days after administration of NaF (500 ng/g body weight; 5µg/g body weight)(around 10 -5 to 10 -4 M in goldfish), we indicated that plasma calcium levels upregulated in both doses of NaF-treated goldfish. To examine the mechanism of hypercalcemia by NaF treatments, therefore, direct effects of NaF on osteoblasts and osteoclasts in goldfish were investigated by an original assay system using teleost scale which has osteoblasts, osteoclasts and bone matrix. Alkaline phosphatase activity in the scales increased with the treatment of NaF (10 -6 and 10 -5 M) during 6 hours of incubation. Also, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity increased after exposure to NaF (10 -5 M) at the 6 hours of incubation. To investigate the osteoclastic activation, the mRNA expression of osteoclastogenesis related factors were examined. The receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) which is known as a factor for osteoclastogenesis, increased in the NaF-treated scales after 6 hours of incubation.The ratio of RANKL/osteoprotegerin (osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor) significantly increased after 6 hours of incubation. Resulting from the increase of RANKL mRNA level, the expression of transcription-regulating factors was significantly increased. Furthermore, the expression of functional genes, cathepsin K and matrix metalloproteinase-9 mRNA, was significantly increased. In our knowledge, this is the first report concerning the effects of NaF on osteoblasts and osteoclasts in teleosts. We concluded that NaF influences calcium metabolism via osteoclastic activation in goldfish.3 Keywords: sodium fluoride; osteoblasts; osteoclasts; scales; calcium metabolism; RANKL;OPG; goldfish Abbreviations: ALP, alkaline phosphatase; CTSK, cathepsin K; MMP-9, matrix metalloproteinase-9; NFATc1, nuclear factor of activated T-cells and cytoplasmic 1; TRAF6, TNF receptor-associated factor 6; TRAP, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase; OPG, osteoprotegerin; RANK, receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB ; RANKL, receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB ligand 4

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Section: Effects Of Naf On Scale Osteoblastic and Osteoclastic Activimentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium fluoride induces hypercalcemia resulting from the upregulation of both osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities in goldfish, Carassius auratus

Sato

Hanmoto

Yachiguchi

et al. 2016

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology &

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“…Positively stained fibroblastic colonies (CFU-F/ALP + ) are considered to represent osteoprogenitors [13,30]. On day 28, mineral deposits on the remaining plates were stained with 2% alizarin red (A5533; Sigma).…”

Section: Bone Marrow Cell Culturementioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Stimulation of Bone Formation is Normal in the SAMP6 Mouse

Silva

Brodt

2008

Calcif Tissue Int

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With aging the skeleton may have diminished responsiveness to mechanical stimulation. The senescence accelerated mouse SAMP6 has many features of senile osteoporosis and is thus a useful model to examine how the osteoporotic skeleton responds to mechanical loading. We performed in vivo tibial bending on four-month old SAMP6 (osteoporotic) and SAMR1 (control) mice. Loading was applied daily (60 cycles/day, 5 days/wk) for 2 weeks at peak force levels that produced estimated endocortical strains of 1000 and 2000 με. In a separate group of mice, sham bending was applied. Comparisons were made between right (loaded) and left (non-loaded) tibiae. Tibial bone marrow cells were cultured under osteogenic conditions, and stained for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red (ALIZ) at 14 and 28 days, respectively. Tibiae were then embedded in plastic, sectioned and endocortical bone formation was assessed based on calcein labels. Tibial bending did not alter the osteogenic potential of the marrow as there were no significant differences in ALP or ALIZ staining between loaded and non-loaded bones. Tibial bending activated the formation of endocortical bone in both SAMP6 and SAMR1 mice, whereas sham bending did not elicit an endocortical response. Both groups of mice exhibited bending strain-dependent increases in bone formation rate. We found little evidence of diminished responsiveness to loading in the SAMP6 skeleton. In conclusion, the ability of the SAMP6 mouse to respond normally to an anabolic mechanical stimulus distinguishes it from chronologically aged animals. This finding highlights a limitation of the SAMP6 mouse as a model of senile osteoporosis.

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“…This assay is an original assay system to detect the respective enzyme activity from a single scale by transferring each scale to a 96-well microplate. These markers (TRAP and ALP) have been shown to be affected by a number of hormones and other factors in osteoclasts and osteoblasts [19][20][21] in mammals. In the scales of carp, de Vrieze et al [22] also demonstrated that ALP and TRAP are valid markers for osteoblasts and osteoclasts, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parathyroid hormone 1 (1–34) acts on the scales and involves calcium metabolism in goldfish

Suzuki

Danks

Maruyama

et al. 2011

Bone

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The effect of fugu parathyroid hormone 1 (fugu PTH1) on osteoblasts and osteoclasts in teleosts was examined with an assay system using teleost scale and the following markers: alkaline phosphatase (ALP) for osteoblasts and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) for osteoclasts. Synthetic fugu PTH1 (1-34) (100 pg/ml to 10 ng/ml) significantly increased ALP activity at 6 h of incubation. High-dose (10 ng/ml) fugu PTH1 significantly increased ALP activity even after 18 h of incubation. In the case of TRAP activity, fugu PTH1 did not change at 6 h of incubation, but fugu PTH1 (100 pg/ml to 10 ng/ml) significantly increased TRAP activity at 18 h. Similar results were obtained for human PTH (1-34), but there was an even greater response with fugu PTH1 than with human PTH. In vitro, we demonstrated that both the receptor activator of the NF-B ligand in osteoblasts and the receptor activator NF-B mRNA expression in osteoclasts increased significantly by fugu PTH1 treatment. In an in vivo experiment, fugu PTH1 induced hypercalcemia resulted from the increase of both osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities in the scale as well as the decrease of scale calcium contents after fugu PTH1 injection. In addition, an in vitro experiment with intramuscular autotransplanted scale indicated that the ratio of multinucleated osteoclasts/mononucleated osteoclasts in PTH-treated scales was significantly higher than that in the control scales. Thus, we concluded that PTH acts on osteoblasts and osteoclasts in the scales and regulates calcium metabolism in goldfish.3

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Alkaline phosphatase levels and osteoprogenitor cell numbers suggest bone formation may contribute to peak bone density differences between two inbred strains of mice

Cited by 100 publications

References 25 publications

Sodium fluoride induces hypercalcemia resulting from the upregulation of both osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities in goldfish, Carassius auratus

Sodium fluoride induces hypercalcemia resulting from the upregulation of both osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities in goldfish, Carassius auratus

Mechanical Stimulation of Bone Formation is Normal in the SAMP6 Mouse

Parathyroid hormone 1 (1–34) acts on the scales and involves calcium metabolism in goldfish

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