Alkaline Phosphatase: Does it have a Role in Predicting Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence?

Yu, Ming–Chin; Chan, Kun‐Ming; Lee, Chen-Fang; Lee, Yun‐Shien; Eldeen, Firas Zahr; Chou, Hong‐Shiue; Lee, Wei‐Chen; Chen, Miin‐Fu

doi:10.1007/s11605-011-1537-3

Cited by 82 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…0.0001). GGTP [16][17][18][19] and ALKP levels [20][21][22][23][24] have previously been reported to have prognostic significance in HCC patients. Thus, for the same size grouping (tercile I), the patients with higher AFP had increased levels of GGTP, ALKP, and total bilirubin, and lower serum albumin levels, showing worse liver function with high AFP and thus putatively a more aggressive HCC phenotype, reflected in their worse survival.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thrombocytopenia in Relation to Tumor Size in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2012

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In table 3 , higher levels were associated with larger tumors (tercile III), while in table 5 higher levels were associated with higher AFP and shorter survival. Thus, ALKP and GGTP in HCC patients may reflect tumor aggressiveness [16,19,21,27] , in addition to their role as markers of liver function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thrombocytopenia in Relation to Tumor Size in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2012

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“…The measurement of tumor-specific biological markers can be useful after curative treatments, and it is, therefore, necessary to identify new markers. In addition to tumor-specific markers, liver function, surgical records or outcomes might be closely related to the prognosis of HCC patients after hepatectomy [6][7][8]. We reported that non-tumor related parameters, such as hepatic fibrosis and postoperative long-term ascites, were associated with poor survival [9,10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some factors associated with patient survival have been identified [3][4][5]. Markers of poor hepatic function and tumor-related factors are significantly associated with tumor recurrence and lower survival [6][7][8]. Our previous study showed that an advanced grade of hepatic fibrosis, hepatitis, postoperative long-term ascites or postoperative levels of alpha-feto protein (a marker of chronic hepatitis) were significantly associated with shorter survival due to carcinoma after hepatectomy [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Serum Hyaluronic Acid Level and Patient Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Who Underwent Hepatectomy

Nanashima¹,

Abo²,

Murakami³

et al. 2013

JCT

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We examined the relationship between hyaluronic acid (HA) and tumor-related factors after hepatectomy in 158 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who underwent hepatectomy. We examined serum HA levels before hepatectomy by evaluating data for clinicopathological parameters, surgical records, postoperative complications and survival. The mean HA level was 190 ± 202 ng/ml. Patients were divided into 3 groups: group A had serum HA levels less than 50 ng/ml (normal range), group B had levels between 50 and 190 ng/ml, and group C had levels over 190 ng/ml. Group C had a higher rate of poor liver function compared to others. Multiple tumors were significantly more frequent in groups B and C compared to A. The grade of fibrosis and the inflammatory responses were positively correlated with the serum HA level. Postoperative long-term ascites was significantly more frequent in group C compared to others. Although the recurrence rate and the relapse-free period were not significantly related to the serum HA level, the serum HA level was significantly associated with overall survival after hepatectomy (p < 0.05). Cox's multivariate analysis did not show a significant relationship between HA level and survival. Serum HA reflects progression and survival in HCC patients.

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“…52 Among the profile of liver function tests, ALP is an independent factor for HCC patient survival, and its preoperative level can be used to monitor the recurrence in high-risk HCC patients. 53 Thus, the raised levels observed in the liver function enzymes (AST, ALT and ALP) reflect the advancement of carcinogenesis during HCC condition. Treatment with BNP significantly lowered these enzymes to normal which indicated the reduction in hepatic injury.…”

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confidence: 99%

Poly(lactic-<em>co</em>-glycolic acid)-loaded nanoparticles of betulinic acid for improved treatment of hepatic cancer: characterization, in vitro and in vivo evaluations

Kumar

Singh

Raj

et al. 2018

IJN

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Purpose The application of betulinic acid (B), a potent antineoplastic agent, is limited due to poor bioavailability, short plasma half-life and inappropriate tissue distribution. Thus, we aimed to prepare novel 50:50 poly(lactic- co -glycolic acid) (PLGA)-loaded B nanoparticles (BNP) and to compare its anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) activity with parent B. Methods BNP were synthesized and characterized using different methods such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry and particle size analyses. Particle size of BNP was optimized through the application of the stabilizer, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The anti-HCC response was evaluated through in vitro cell line study using Hep-G2 cells, confocal microscopy, in vivo oral pharmacokinetics and animal studies. Further, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis was conducted to observe the changes in the expression of specific genes. Results Particle size of BNP was optimized through the application of the stabilizer, polyvinyl alcohol. Physicochemical characterization exhibited particle size of 257.1 nm with zeta potential −0.170 mV (optimized batch B, BNP). SEM and FTIR analyses of BNP showed that cylindrical particles of B converted to spherical particles in BNP and there were no interaction between B and used polymers. The release study of optimized BNP was highest (≥80%) than any other formulation. Later, in vitro cell culture analysis using Hep-G2 cells and confocal microscopy studies revealed that BNP had the highest inhibition and penetration properties than parent B. Oral pharmacokinetics studies using albino Wistar rats at single 100 mg dose again exhibited BNP had the higher 50% of plasma concentration (t 1/2 ), a higher maximum plasma concentration ( C max ) and took longer to reach the maximum plasma concentration (T max ) than parent B. Next, our in vivo study using nitrosodiethyl amine (NDEA)-induced HCC model documented BNP decreased in number of nodules, restored body weight, oxidative stress parameters, liver marker enzymes and histological architecture than parent B. Lastly, qRT-PCR studies further demonstrated that anti-HCC properties of BNP may be due to over expression of antiapoptotic caspases i.e., caspase 3 and 8. Conclusion The prepared BNP showed a better therapeutic response against HCC and could be attributed as future candidate molecule for HCC treatment.

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Alkaline Phosphatase: Does it have a Role in Predicting Hepatocellular Carcinoma Recurrence?

Abstract: ALP among liver function tests, in addition to other tumor characters were independent factors for DFS and OS; our results suggest that preoperative ALP levels could be utilized to monitor and predict recurrence in high risk HCC patients.

Cited by 82 publications

References 26 publications

Thrombocytopenia in Relation to Tumor Size in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Thrombocytopenia in Relation to Tumor Size in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Relationship between Serum Hyaluronic Acid Level and Patient Prognosis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Who Underwent Hepatectomy

Poly(lactic-<em>co</em>-glycolic acid)-loaded nanoparticles of betulinic acid for improved treatment of hepatic cancer: characterization, in vitro and in vivo evaluations

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