Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in the Theca of Ovarian Follicles of the Hen Throughout Follicular Development

Chapeau, C; Engelhardt, H.; King, G. J.; Etches, R. J.

doi:10.3382/ps.0751536

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…We then isolated primary TCs from bulk ovaries 38,39 to check if the high contractility is an intrinsic feature of the TCs. Consistent with previous reports which show alkaline phosphatase (ALP) positive staining on the TCs in pre-ovulatory follicles [40][41][42] , we noted ALP expression at the periphery of follicles in ovarian slices (Figure S2A). Isolated TCs expressed more ALP and appeared more elongated and spread out on 2D substrates compared to the smaller and more cuboidal GCs that are ALP-negative (Figures S2B-D).…”

Section: Ovarian Theca Cells Are Highly Contractilesupporting

confidence: 92%

Theca cell mechanics and tissue pressure regulate mammalian ovarian folliculogenesis

Biswas,

Lou,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The maturation of functional eggs within the ovaries is essential for successful reproduction and organismal functions in mammals. Yet, despite its biological and clinical importance, the underlying mechanisms regulating folliculogenesis remain enigmatic. Here, we report a novel role of the surface-anchoring theca cells (TCs) in regulating follicle growth through mechanical signalling. Direct mechanical measurements reveal that these TCs are highly contractile and exert compressive stress to the follicular interior, potentially through active assembly of fibronectin scaffold around the follicles. Abolishing TC contractility disrupts fibronectin assembly, increases follicle size, and decreases intrafollicular pressure and viscosity. We further reveal that the granulosa cells (GCs) within the follicles exhibit spatial patterns of YAP signalling and proliferation, which appear to be decoupled. Transient manipulation of tissue pressure through bulk follicle compression, laser ablation or pharmacological perturbation of TC contractility leads to changes in GC YAP signalling, proliferation, and oocyte-GC communications, while long term abrogation of TC contractility leads to impaired follicle growth. Altogether, our study unveils the unique role of TC-mediated tissue pressure in ensuring robust mammalian ovarian folliculogenesis.

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Section: Ovarian Theca Cells Are Highly Contractilesupporting

confidence: 92%

Theca cell mechanics and tissue pressure regulate mammalian ovarian folliculogenesis

Biswas,

Lou,

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…Theca cells surround the granulosa cells. At the early stage of oocyte differentiation, theca cells are present in a thin layer of polyhedral, lengthwise cells with large nuclei and cytoplasm vacuolization; additional lengthwise cells are then formed, in about 3–5 layers 27 . Data show that mAb h ZP3 had no effect on the number of theca cells, as the average numbers of theca cells in the control and treatment groups were not significantly different.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Effect of human ZP3 monoclonal antibody on expression of GDF-9 and number of theca cells in ovary of mice ( Mus musculus )

Indahwati

Wati

Sutrisno

et al. 2018

Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences

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Objectives This study investigated the effects of a human ZP3 monoclonal antibody (mAb h ZP3) on the expression of growth differentiation factor-9 (GDF-9) and number of theca cells in the ovaries of mice ( Mus musculus ). Methods Our study employed a true experiment posttest-only control group design of 48 mice that were divided into the control and three mAb h ZP3-treatment groups (20, 40, and 60 μg). Mice in each group were terminated on days 10, 15, and 20. GDF-9 expression was measured by immunohistochemistry and the number of theca cells was counted. Results Analysis of the effects of mAb h ZP3 (at 20–60 μg) on the expression of GDF-9 and amount of theca cells did not show significant differences. Similar findings were observed throughout the study period (at 10–20 days). Therefore, mAb h ZP3 had no effect on GDF-9 expression and theca cells. Conclusion This study showed that mAb h ZP3 can be considered to be an effective and safe immunocontraception.

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“…The theca interna, however, contains many capillaries and cell clusters, which, due to their lipid granule content and rounded appearance, have been called thecal gland cells (28). These cells have been reported to be the main site of the production of progesterone and testosterone (29) and of alkaline phosphatase in the follicle (30). In sharp contrast to the theca externa, intercellular spaces of the interna are less well structured and contain only a few scattered collagen fibrils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chicken Coagulation Factor XIIIA Is Produced by the Theca Externa and Stabilizes the Ovarian Follicular Wall

Recheis

Osanger

Haubenwallner

et al. 2000

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Development of the follicle in egg-laying species such as the chicken is regulated by systemic factors as well as by the highly orchestrated interplay of differentially expressed genes within this organ. Differential mRNA display analysis of defined phases of follicle development resulted in the characterization of coagulation factor XIIIA. It is expressed and produced by cells of the theca externa in a highly regulated manner during distinct growth phases of the follicle. Transcripts for factor XIIIA are already detectable at the beginning of follicle development and peak at the end of phase 2. Protein levels, however, still increase during phase 3, peak shortly after ovulation, and persist until the postovulatory tissue is completely resorbed. Factor XIIIA is secreted as a monomer into the extracellular matrix of the theca externa and is not associated with factor XIIIB as is the case in plasma. Our data suggest that, due to its transglutaminase activity, factor XIIIA stabilizes the follicular wall by cross-linking matrix components. Thus, coagulation factor XIIIA might play a key role in coping with the massive mechanical stress exerted by the large amount of yolk accumulating during the rapid growth phase of the oocyte.Reproduction in the mature hen depends on the coordinate differentiation and growth of oocytes. In the case of the domesticated chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus), fully developed oocytes are laid as eggs every 25 h. The oocytes develop in follicles, highly specialized structures of the ovary consisting of the oocyte proper in the center of the follicle, surrounded by concentric layers of cells, acellular material, and structures, including the perivitelline membrane (the equivalent of the zona pellucida in mammals), granulosa cells, a basement membrane, and the thecae interna and externa (1). Development of follicles can be divided into three major phases (for review see Ref.2). Phase 1 is characterized by a very slow growth of follicles lasting for several months. At the end of this period, numerous follicles have reached a diameter of 2-3 mm; the oocytes within these follicles do not contain significant amounts of bona fide yolk (these follicles are referred to herein as small white follicles). During phase 2, some of these follicles develop further and reach a diameter of approximately 6 mm after 60 days. Due to yolk deposition into the oocyte, these follicles acquire a yellow appearance (here termed small yellow follicles). Finally, single follicles are selected from the pool of small yellow follicles every 25 h (synchronous with the ovulation cycle) and enter the rapid growth phase, which leads to mature follicles with a diameter of approximately 35 mm within 7 days. The fully developed oocyte is expelled from the follicle by ovulation and enters the oviduct, where egg formation starts. After ovulation, the remaining structure of the follicle, termed postovulatory follicle (POF), 1 consists of the granulosa cells, basement membrane, and theca layers. The POF collapses, but stays metaboli...

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Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in the Theca of Ovarian Follicles of the Hen Throughout Follicular Development

Cited by 5 publications

References 23 publications

Theca cell mechanics and tissue pressure regulate mammalian ovarian folliculogenesis

Theca cell mechanics and tissue pressure regulate mammalian ovarian folliculogenesis

Effect of human ZP3 monoclonal antibody on expression of GDF-9 and number of theca cells in ovary of mice ( Mus musculus )

Chicken Coagulation Factor XIIIA Is Produced by the Theca Externa and Stabilizes the Ovarian Follicular Wall

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