Alkaline-Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Wool Waste for Different Applications

Abstract

Wool waste represents a valuable and renewable material with low level of valorization and high potential to be integrated in bioeconomy. The extraction of keratin from wool by-products generated by sheep breeders and furskin industry represents a valuable approach for reducing the environmental pollution with organic and heavy biodegradable waste and a possibility to use a renewable product in agriculture or different industries. Keratin hydrolysates were obtained by alkaline and alkaline-enzymatic hydrolysis with extraction yields of 16.4-43.5%. The obtained keratin hydrolysates were characterized by physical-chemical analysis (dry substance, nitrogen content, pH, ash etc), FT-IR spectra, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and surface tension (VCA Optima XE). Alkaline and alkaline-enzymatic hydrolyses of wool waste showed the possibility to obtain different keratin polypeptides with suitable properties for application in leather industry or in agriculture.

Sustainable Coated Nanostructures Based on Alginate and Electrospun Collagen Loaded with Antimicrobial Agents

“…Collagen glue (Col) was extracted from the indigenous rabbit skins [47] by heating the delimed pelt in a water bath for 4 h. It is characterized by 10% dry substance (SR EN ISO 4684:2006), glue strength of 450 g (Texture analyzer, TEX'AN TOUCH 50N, LRami LAMI Rheology Instruments, Champagne au Mont d'Or, France), molecular weight of 15.5 kDa and an electrical conductivity of 820 µS/cm (C1010, Consort, Turnhout, Belgium). The collagen glue was dried by water sublimation at 2 • C and ground into granules or powder using a mortar.…”

New Nanofibers Based on Protein By-Products with Bioactive Potential for Tissue Engineering

“…The rabbit collagen glue (RCG) was prepared from pickled rabbit skin by boiling of the picked skin, preliminarily crushed in water bath at a temperature of 90 • C, for four hours. Keratin hydrolysate (KH) was prepared by solubilization of sheepskin wool preliminarily degreased with 8% NaOH rotulis (Lach-Nersro) at 80 • C, for 4 h, followed by filtration [35]. The yields for HC10, RCG, and KH extracts were 80%, 60%, and 40%, respectively.…”

Research progress on resource utilization of leather solid waste

“…Until now, for the extraction of keratin from tannery hair waste, many chemical and physiochemical methods have been developed by destroying chemical bonds of disulfide bonds, hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds in keratin, such as, mechanical extraction, reduction [13], oxidation [14], acid hydrolysis [15][16][17], alkali hydrolysis [18], enzymatic hydrolysis [19], alkali-enzymatic hydrolysis [20,21], microwave irradiation [22] and ionic liquid extraction [23,24]. The advantages and disadvantages of these extraction methods were listed in Table 1.…”