Alkaline-catalyzed transesterification of Silurus triostegus Heckel fish oil: Optimization of transesterification parameters

Fadhil, Abdelrahman B.; Ali, Latif H.

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2013.04.018

Cited by 90 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This is due to the higher strength of alkalinity of KOH compared to other alkali catalysts, such that catalyst that is more alkaline is more effective. This statement was further proved by Alhassan et al (2014), Rashid, Anwar (2008) and Fadhil, Ali (2013).…”

Section: Influence Of Catalyst Typementioning

confidence: 68%

“…On the other hand, the BD was free of any impurities such as mono, di-or tri glycerides as well as free fatty acids, such that it showed one spot at various rate of flow (R f = 0.76 cm). This spot assures the entire conversion of the oil to its corresponding esters (Fadhil, Ali 2013;. The observed bands in the parent oil were as follows: The absorption band at 2854…3008 cm -1 refers to asymmetric and symmetric CH 3 stretching vibrations (-CO-O-CH 3 ), whereas that observed at 1437…1464 cm -1 indicates the -C-H (alkane) bonding.…”

Section: 80mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The plates were developed (eluted) in a solvent system of hexane/ethyl ether/acetic acid (80:20:1, vol/vol/ vol). After the fractionation, the solvent was evaporated and the TLC plate was visualized by iodine vapor Fadhil, Ali 2013). The key functional groups on the parent oil as well as the prepared BD were determined using FTIR spectrophotometer (Biotechnology, UK).…”

Section: Analysis Of Bdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different blends of the optimal BD sample with PD (10…50% v/v) were prepared and evaluated for several interesting properties including the density at 15.6 °C, kinematic viscosity at 40 °C, flash and pour points, acid value and refractive index at 20 °C (Fadhil, Ali 2013). The properties were measured according to the ASTM standard test methods (see Section 2.5).…”

Section: Evaluation Of (Bd + Pd) Blendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, those oils are potential source of food for humankind. Consequently, non-edible oils, waste cooking oils and animal fats were used as potential feedstocks for synthesis of BD (Kafuku, Mbarawa 2010;García et al 2011;Atapour, Kariminia 2013;Fadhil 2013aFadhil , 2013bFadhil et al 2017b;Fadhil, Ali 2013;Gürü et al 2009Gürü et al , 2010Encinar et al 2011;Cunha et al 2013;Alptekin, Canakci 2010). The high cost of BD production is mainly attributed to the high price of the raw feedstocks used in its production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co-Solvent Transesterification of Bitter Almond Oil Into Biodiesel: Optimization of Variables and Characterization of Biodiesel

Fadhil

Mohammed

2018

Transport

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Abstract. The influence of co-solvent on transesterification of one of non-edible feedstocks, Bitter Almond Oil (BAO) with methanol was investigated. Hexane and potassium hydroxide (KOH) were chosen as the co-solvent and the catalyst, respectively. The variables included in the optimization process were concentration of KOH, methanol to oil molar ratio, hexane to methanol volume ratio, reaction temperature, reaction time, type of co-solvent and type of the alkali catalyst. BioDiesel (BD) with yield of 97.88 and 98.50 wt. % ester content were obtained using 0.60 wt. % KOH, 5:1 methanol to oil molar ratio, 1:1 hexane to methanol volume ratio, 32 °C reaction temperature and 45 minutes of reaction. The Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) spectroscopy and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) were used to ensure the conversion of BAO into BD. The fuel properties of the prepared BD were determined and found within the acceptable limits prescribed by ASTM D6751-15ce1 and EN 14214:2017. Moreover, properties of (biodiesel + petro-diesel) blends complied with the limits prescribed in the ASTM D7467-17 standards as well. It was concluded that the presence of co-solvent reduced the concentration of the catalyst, temperature, methanol to oil molar ratio and time required to produce maximum yield of BD comparing to non-solvent process. As a result, co-solvent transesterification is recommended for further application.

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Section: Influence Of Catalyst Typementioning

confidence: 68%

Section: 80mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Analysis Of Bdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evaluation Of (Bd + Pd) Blendsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Co-Solvent Transesterification of Bitter Almond Oil Into Biodiesel: Optimization of Variables and Characterization of Biodiesel

Fadhil

Mohammed

2018

Transport

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Technoeconomic Analysis of Biodiesel Production Using Different Feedstocks

Gebremariam

2021

Nano‐ and Biocatalysts for Biodiesel Production

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Biodiesel from high‐acid‐value grease trap waste: process optimization and purification using bio‐based adsorbent

Jariah

Roslan

Hassan

et al. 2022

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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Material with negative value such as grease trap waste appears to be a cost‐effective feedstock for biodiesel production since it can be collected at little to no charge. Owing to its high lipid content, fatty acid methyl ester can be produced from grease trap waste via a two‐step production process with methanol, using potassium hydroxide as the catalyst. However, there are several process parameters that could affect the yield of the fatty acid methyl ester produced. In this study, the optimum conditions for biodiesel production were 6:1 methanol‐to‐oil molar ratio, 1.5 wt% potassium hydroxide loadings, a 40 °C reaction temperature and a 2 h reaction time, resulting in a fatty acid methyl ester yield of 87%. Further purification using 0.05 g L−1 of biobased adsorbent from woodchip biomass for a 1 h residence time at 25 °C yielded the highest removal of free fatty acid and soap at 98.2 and 67.9%, respectively. This study not only demonstrates the potential of grease trap waste as a bioresource for the production of biodiesel, but also proves an interesting and additional use of bio‐based adsorbent from woodchip biomass as an effective tool in biodiesel purification since the quality of biodiesel produced within the standard EN14214. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Alkaline-catalyzed transesterification of Silurus triostegus Heckel fish oil: Optimization of transesterification parameters

Cited by 90 publications

References 33 publications

Co-Solvent Transesterification of Bitter Almond Oil Into Biodiesel: Optimization of Variables and Characterization of Biodiesel

Co-Solvent Transesterification of Bitter Almond Oil Into Biodiesel: Optimization of Variables and Characterization of Biodiesel

Technoeconomic Analysis of Biodiesel Production Using Different Feedstocks

Biodiesel from high‐acid‐value grease trap waste: process optimization and purification using bio‐based adsorbent

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