Alkali volatilization of (Li,Na,K)NbO₃-based piezoceramics and large-field electrical and mechanical properties

Abstract

While lead-free (Li,Na,K)NbO 3 piezoceramics have a high Curie temperature (T C > 400°C) and an excellent piezoelectric constant (d 33 > 200 pC/N), the process window regarding the sintering temperature and dwelling time is narrow. Inappropriate sintering conditions can induce the volatilization of A-site alkali ions, leading to a deterioration in dielectric and piezoelectric properties. However, the effect of alkali volatilization on the ferroelastic properties is still uncertain. In this study, (Li,Na,K)NbO 3 piezoceramics were deliberately exposed to the sintering temperature for varying times to compare the susceptibility of the effect of alkali volatilization on the ferroelastic properties and compared to changes in the ferroelectric and ferroelastic and dielectric properties.

Ferroelectric polarization of tetragonal BiFeO3—an approach from DFT calculations for BiFeO3–BaTiO3 superlattices—

“…10,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] To establish an MBP similar to the PZT system, various lead-free solid solution systems have been investigated and composition-driven variations of crystal structure and properties have been studied. Since the discovery of (K, Na)NbO 3 -based ceramics with properties comparable to PZT, 23) (K, Na)NbO 3 [24][25][26][27][28][29][30] and its related Nb-based materials [31][32][33][34][35][36] have intensively studied with the aim of developing lead-free piezoelectric devices.…”