Alkali-activated materials as coatings deposited on various substrates: A review

Tian, Qingbo; Wang, Shuo; Sui, Yuwu; Lv, Zhijie

doi:10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2021.102934

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…The relationships between substrate surface roughness and adhesion strength have been extensively studied in the coating industry, providing invaluable information on geopolymer coatings applied to metal surfaces [35]. In general, the bond of a geopolymer coating to stainless steel and aluminum is low, as only a physically binding bond is formed [36]. In his study, Temuujin investigated the adhesion strength of a geopolymer coating based on fly ash applied to mild steel and stainless steel.…”

Section: R Peer Review 10 Of 18mentioning

confidence: 99%

Revolutionizing Construction Safety with Geopolymer Composites: Unveiling Advanced Techniques in Manufacturing Sandwich Steel Structures Using Formwork-Free Spray Technology

Le,

Setlak

2024

Coatings

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The article discusses the fabrication of sandwich steel and geopolymer structures using spray technology without the need for formwork. In the article, the effects of high temperatures on geopolymer materials are analyzed and their mechanical properties and durability are examined. The importance of geopolymer coatings for steel protection is also highlighted, and specific features such as the setting time, application process, attachment strength, fire testing, and production costs are analyzed. The materials and methods used in the study are described, including the composition of geopolymer binders and the process of applying geopolymer coatings to steel plates. The research includes test methods such as strength tests, density tests, thermal conductivity tests, accelerated aging tests, microstructure analyses, pore size analyses, and fire resistance tests. The research section concludes with a summary of the chemical and phase composition of the materials and a discussion of the fire resistance of the geopolymer composites (GCs). The results show that GC foams offer excellent thermal insulation, providing up to 75 min of fire resistance with a 6 mm coating, reducing temperatures by 150 °C compared to uncoated steel. GC foams have a density of 670 kg/m3, a thermal conductivity of 0.153 W/m∙K, and a cost effectiveness of USD 250 per cubic meter.

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Section: R Peer Review 10 Of 18mentioning

confidence: 99%

Revolutionizing Construction Safety with Geopolymer Composites: Unveiling Advanced Techniques in Manufacturing Sandwich Steel Structures Using Formwork-Free Spray Technology

Le,

Setlak

2024

Coatings

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“…A Ca-enriched ITZ was also not observed when the AA binder or cement belong to low Ca alkali-activated cements containing less than 4 wt% Ca (Lee and van Deventer 2007). While a recent review concluded that direct evidence of a physical or chemical bonding remains lacking in 2021 (Tian et al, 2021), such Caenriched zones imply some kind of a chemical interaction and, if analyzed in detail, could provide such evidence. At the same time bonding clearly occurs, even though e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Characterizing the interfacial zones of fly ash based alkali activated adhesives to various substrates

Wisniewski

Ducman

2022

Front. Mater.

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Alkali Activated Materials (AAMs) are important potential substitutes for cement in many materials. The AAMs presented here are based on industrial ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and fly ash (FA). They are tested for their suitability as adhesives for joining concrete, ceramic tiles, a wood-based geopolymer (WGP) and a high density geopolymer (HDGP). After mixing multiple batches and performing preliminary tests of the resulting shrinkage, bending-, compressive- and pull-of-strengths to standard ceramic tiles, selected mixtures are tested for their open time and applied to bond intended substrates. The interfacial zones (ITZ) of an AAM containing additional KOH and the most comparable KOH-free AAM to concrete, ceramic tiles, WPG and HDGP are subsequently characterized in detail using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDXS). Both mechanical interlocking and areas of probable chemical bonding are identified.

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“…It has been found that metakaolin-based geopolymer could be used as a valuable coating for fire protection of OPC concrete. In another study [20], the data related to the fire resistance of alkali-activated coating materials were summarized, and a conclusion was drawn that these coatings have a high fire-retardant potential for OPC systems. Increasing the fire resistance of these coatings is closely related to the formation of special minerals in alkaline materials, and it depends on the use of special additives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkali-Activated Slag Coatings for Fire Protection of OPC Concrete

Kielė,

Vaičiukynienė,

Bertašius

et al. 2023

Materials

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During a fire, ordinary Portland cement (OPC) systems lose their mechanical properties. For this reason, it is important to find a way to protect it. This study suggested alternative uses of slag and phosphogypsum to produce coatings for fire-resistant applications. Five compositions of 10 mm thick alkali-activated slag coatings were investigated. In these compositions, different amounts of phosphogypsum (1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 10%) were used. In the first stage of this study, the residual compressive strength of samples with the coatings based on alkali-activated slag was compared to the results of OPC concrete samples without coatings. The experimental results showed that a higher residual compressive strength of 33.2–47.3 MPa OPC concrete was achieved for the samples with coatings. Meanwhile, the residual compressive strength of the uncoated samples was 32.37 MPa. In the second stage, OPC concrete samples were reinforced with fiberglass polymer (FRP) rods, and they had a similar positive effect on alkali-activated coatings. After exposure to higher temperatures, the pullout tests of the glass FRP bars showed that the adhesion strength was (9.44 MPa) 43.9% higher for the samples with coatings compared to the samples without coatings (6.56 MPa). Therefore, a higher bond strength can be maintained between concrete and FRP bars. Alkali-activated slag with 3% phosphogypsum can be used for the production of fire-resistant coating. These coatings could protect OPC concrete and reinforced concrete with glass FRP bars from fire.

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Alkali-activated materials as coatings deposited on various substrates: A review

Cited by 10 publications

References 60 publications

Revolutionizing Construction Safety with Geopolymer Composites: Unveiling Advanced Techniques in Manufacturing Sandwich Steel Structures Using Formwork-Free Spray Technology

Revolutionizing Construction Safety with Geopolymer Composites: Unveiling Advanced Techniques in Manufacturing Sandwich Steel Structures Using Formwork-Free Spray Technology

Characterizing the interfacial zones of fly ash based alkali activated adhesives to various substrates

Alkali-Activated Slag Coatings for Fire Protection of OPC Concrete

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