Alien plant species invasive in Kakadu National Park, tropical Northern Australia

Cowie, I. D.; Werner, Patricia A.

doi:10.1016/0006-3207(93)90500-z

Cited by 97 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…It is an annual plant that germinates after two days of effective rain in June and becomes senescent in October 7 . S. cordifolia is usually considered detrimental to crops and pasture land 25 and is thus feared by local people due to its rapid expansion 9 . It is less used by people as food or as forage for livestock because of its prickly feature and some toxicity 6 .…”

Section: Quantification Of the Growth Of S Cordifoliamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some wild plants appear less beneficial. Sida cordifolia is a plant that is considered a nuisance for crop production and on pastureland 25 and feared by local people due to its rapid expansion 9 . It is less frequently used by people as food or forage for livestock because of its prickly structure, meaning it often thrives in colonies on fallow land.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the Indigenous Use of the Weed Sida cordifolia L. in the Sahelian Zone of West Africa

Hayashi¹,

Hayashi²,

Fatondji³

2013

JARQ

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Most farmers in Niger live below the poverty line and require low-capital intensification to improve agricultural production. The purpose of this study was to evaluate local knowledge on less beneficial weed for future use in managing the soil fertility of the Sahel region. Sida cordifolia was utilized in a scientific procedure to verify how local farmers utilize this species and the nature of the important roles behind this wild plant in terms of soil fertility management. The results of a questionnaire showed that S. cordifolia was less frequently used than other wild plants found in the same area, but that local farmers recognized this plant as one of the indicators of soil fertility in millet fields. The results of soil analysis also revealed a significant coefficient of variance in certain parameters such as total acidity and aluminum saturation of the soil, while multiple regression analysis showed the high influence of total acidity and soil pH on plant height and dry matter weight, respectively. These results indicate that the significant difference in plant growth of S. cordifolia was mainly due to soil acidity rather than soil fertility. The application of organic matter is one effective approach to resolve this problem and it was shown that the poor growth of S. cordifolia is a particularly useful marker to identify patches where organic matter should be applied. Despite its simplicity, this technique is considered particularly beneficial to allocate limited resources efficiently for sustainable, improved production.

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Section: Quantification Of the Growth Of S Cordifoliamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Indigenous Use of the Weed Sida cordifolia L. in the Sahelian Zone of West Africa

Hayashi¹,

Hayashi²,

Fatondji³

2013

JARQ

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“…At least two non-native plant species inhabited Kruger National Park in South Africa when the park was first designated in 1898, and it now contains at least 257 non-native plant species (Foxcroft et al 2008). Non-native species comprise 15% of the flora in Czech Republic nature reserves (Pyšek et al 2002), 6% in Australia's Kakadu National Park (Cowie and Werner 1993), 11% in Villarrica National Park in Chile (Pauchard and Alaback 2004), and 13% in Gros Morne National Park in Canada (Rose and Harmanutz 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Status and management of non-native plant invasion in three of the largest national parks in the United States

Abella¹,

Fisichelli²,

Schmid³

et al. 2015

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Globally, invasion by non-native plants threatens resources that nature reserves are designated to protect. We assessed the status of non-native plant invasion on 1,662, 0.1-ha plots in Death Valley National Park, Mojave National Preserve, and Lake Mead National Recreation Area. These parks comprise 2.5 million ha, 23% of the national park land in the contiguous USA. At least one non-native species inhabited 82% of plots. Thirty-one percent of plots contained one non-native species, 30% two, 17% three, and 4% four to ten non-native species. Red brome (Bromus rubens), an 'ecosystem engineer' that alters fire regimes, was most widespread, infesting 60% of plots. By identifying frequency of species through this assessment, early detection and treatment can target infrequent species or minimally invaded sites, while containment strategies could focus on established invaders. We further compared two existing systems for prioritizing species for management and found that a third of species on plots had no rankings available. Moreover, rankings did not always agree between ranking systems for species that were ranked. Presence of multiple non-native species complicates treatment, and while we found that 40% of plots contained both forb and grass invaders, exploiting accelerated phenology of non-natives (compared to native annuals) might help manage multi-species invasions. Large sizes of these parks and scale of invasion are formidable challenges for management. Yet, precisely because of their size, these reserves represent opportunities to conserve large landscapes of native species by managing non-native plant invasions. RESEARCH ARTICLE Launched to accelerate biodiversity conservationA peer-reviewed open-access journal Scott R. Abella et al. / Nature Conservation 10: 71-94 (2015) 72

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“…Biological invasions are a major driver of global environmental change, endangering native species populations and potentially altering ecosystem structure and function (Vitousek et al, 1996(Vitousek et al, , 1997. Introduced plants may spread from urban centers into nearby forests (Cowie and Werner, 1993;McKinney, 2002McKinney, , 2008, particularly where unmanaged afforestation is occurring such as on abandoned agricultural sites across Latin America (Lugo, 2004;Grau and Aide, 2008). Investigation of landscape-and ecosystem-scale factors that promote regeneration of native diversity in tropical urban forest fragments has received little attention, despite widespread concern about biodiversity in tropical forests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to soil disturbance, forest fragmentation and canopy disturbance are common in tropical forests (McGrath et al, 2001;Geist and Lambin, 2002;Sodhi et al, 2010), particularly around urban areas (Huston, 2005), and are also linked to the spread of introduced plants (Cowie and Werner, 1993;Charbonneau and Fahrig, 2004;Groffman et al, 2006). For example, forest fragmentation in Brazil decreased species number and stem abundance (Bení-tez-Malvido and Martínez-Ramos, 2003), with urban fragments particularly susceptible to establishment of introduced plants (da Fonseca and Carvalho, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns in understory woody diversity and soil nitrogen across native- and non-native-urban tropical forests

Cusack

McCleery

2014

Forest Ecology and Management

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Urban expansion is accelerating in the tropics, and may promote the spread of introduced plant species into urban-proximate forests. For example, soil disturbance can deplete the naturally high soil nitrogen pools in wet tropical soils, favoring introduced species with nitrogen-fixing capabilities. Also, forest fragmentation and canopy disturbance are likely to favor high-light species over shade-adapted rainforest species. We measured understory woody diversity, the abundance of introduced species, and soil nitrogen and carbon in urban, suburban, and rural secondary forests in Puerto Rico with canopies dominated by (1) native species, (2) introduced Fabaceae (potential nitrogen-fixers), and (3) introduced non-Fabaceae species. We hypothesized that forest stands with introduced Fabaceae in the canopy have higher soil nitrogen levels than stands with other introduced canopy species, and that this higher nitrogen is linked to increased native woody species diversity in the understory. We also predicted that more open canopies and smaller fragment sizes would be positively related with introduced species in the understory, and negatively related with total understory diversity. We found that stands with introduced Fabaceae in the canopy had significantly higher soil nitrogen levels than stands with other non-nitrogen fixing introduced species, and understory woody diversity in Fabaceae stands approached similar diversity levels as stands with native-dominated canopies. As predicted, aboveground stand structure and fragment size were also significantly associated with understory woody diversity across stands. These results suggest that introduced nitrogen-fixing trees may improve recruitment of native woody species in degraded tropical sites where native soil nitrogen is naturally high, particularly as Fabaceae stands mature and canopies close.

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Alien plant species invasive in Kakadu National Park, tropical Northern Australia

Cited by 97 publications

References 11 publications

Evaluation of the Indigenous Use of the Weed Sida cordifolia L. in the Sahelian Zone of West Africa

Evaluation of the Indigenous Use of the Weed Sida cordifolia L. in the Sahelian Zone of West Africa

Status and management of non-native plant invasion in three of the largest national parks in the United States

Patterns in understory woody diversity and soil nitrogen across native- and non-native-urban tropical forests

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