“…Wear on the sliding surfaces is one of the main reasons for replacing the contact wire and the pantograph contact strips, so that proper wear monitoring is useful for planning predictive maintenance strategies, although measuring the wear on the contact wire needs specific systems [16]. Some works propose strategies to predict the wear on the pantograph contact strips from images [17] and contact wire wear [18] by training an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) with measurements of contact wire height, stagger and interaction force, among others.…”